Using time to enable success in teaching and learning is a critical part of every school's, district's and state's journey to success. It seems that there is never enough time in schools, and leaders struggle to make the most of what they have. How best to use this precious resource is a critical question. While time in isolation from other factors cannot ensure success in teaching and learning, it is an essential element in any strategy for school improvement. Understanding how global leaders allocate and use this resource in schools can help inform our own allocation and use of time and our efforts to use the time we have most effectively. This brief looks at that question, focusing primarily on Grades 1-9. This brief is organized around a set of time-related topics: (1) Thinking differently about available time. How much total time is available to schools? How do leading systems provide adequate time for teaching and learning?; (2) Thinking differently about school schedules. How do schools organize time within the school day? How do schools structure schedules to enable success?; (3) Thinking differently about developing student agency for work and life. How do schools use time to support students in developing the competencies and habits that enable success in life and work?; (4) Thinking differently about personalization. How do leading systems build in flexibility and design time to enable personalization?; (5) Thinking differently about teaching time. How do systems balance time for teaching and non-teaching? How do systems use time productively to enable professional growth?; and (6) Thinking differently about teaching conditions. How do systems create conditions that minimize teacher workloads and enable teacher success?