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Direct linkSlater, Jen; Jones, Charlotte; Procter, Lisa – Discourse: Studies in the Cultural Politics of Education, 2019
This paper interrogates how school toilets and 'school readiness' are used to assess children against developmental milestones. Such developmental norms both inform school toilet design and practice, and perpetuate normative discourses of childhood as middle-class, white, 'able', heteronormative, cissexist and inferior to adulthood. Critical…
Descriptors: Toilet Training, School Readiness, Disabilities, Psychology
Download full textSuja M. George; Tamara Soemali – Journal of the American Academy of Special Education Professionals, 2020
Teaching toilet training skills to children with autism spectrum disorder (ASD) can be challenging. Many techniques use Azrin and Foxx's Rapid Toilet Training method (RTT). However, some children with ASD find the first RTT step of entering the bathroom or restroom to be challenging due to the relatively loud sound of the toilet flushing. Although…
Descriptors: Toilet Training, Autism, Pervasive Developmental Disorders, Hygiene
Greer, Brian D.; Neidert, Pamela L.; Dozier, Claudia L. – Journal of Applied Behavior Analysis, 2016
We evaluated the combined and sequential effects of 3 toilet-training procedures recommended for use with young children: (a) underwear, (b) a dense sit schedule, and (c) differential reinforcement. A total of 20 children participated. Classroom teachers implemented a toilet-training package consisting of all 3 procedures with 6 children. Of the 6…
Descriptors: Componential Analysis, Toilet Training, Young Children, Reinforcement
A Pilot Investigation of an iOS-Based App for Toilet Training Children with Autism Spectrum Disorder
Mruzek, Daniel W.; McAleavey, Stephen; Loring, Whitney A.; Butter, Eric; Smith, Tristram; McDonnell, Erin; Levato, Lynne; Aponte, Courtney; Travis, Rebekah P.; Aiello, Rachel E.; Taylor, Cora M.; Wilkins, Jonathan W.; Corbett-Dick, Patricia; Finkelstein, Dianne M.; York, Alyssa M.; Zanibbi, Katherine – Autism: The International Journal of Research and Practice, 2019
We developed an iOS-based app with a transmitter/disposable sensor and corresponding manualized intervention for children with autism spectrum disorder. The app signaled the onset of urination, time-stamped accidents for analysis, reminded parents to reinforce intervals of continence, provided a visual outlet for parents to communicate…
Descriptors: Toilet Training, Computer Oriented Programs, Autism, Pervasive Developmental Disorders
Doan, Dai; Toussaint, Karen A. – International Electronic Journal of Elementary Education, 2016
The current evaluation assessed the effectiveness of a rapid toilet training procedure for three young males with autism. The evaluation extended the research on rapid toilet training procedures by assessing parents' preference to include two common toilet training components, a urine alarm and positive practice. In addition, we assessed child…
Descriptors: Males, Autism, Teaching Methods, Program Effectiveness
Beaudry-Bellefeuille, Isabelle; Lane, Shelly J.; Ramos-Polo, Eduardo – Journal of Occupational Therapy, Schools & Early Intervention, 2016
This study examined the face and preliminary content validity of the Toileting Habit Profile Questionnaire, a tool designed to screen for sensory-based defecation difficulties in children. A panel of experts reviewed a pilot version of the questionnaire and responded to probe questions. Two reviewers conducted direct content analysis of responses;…
Descriptors: Questionnaires, Toilet Training, Content Validity, Young Children
Ardiç, Avsar; Cavkaytar, Atilla – Education and Training in Autism and Developmental Disabilities, 2014
The purpose of this study was to determine effectiveness of a modified version of Azrin and Foxx's (1971) intensive toilet training method on teaching of toilet skills to children with autism. This method consists of administering extra fluids and a time schedule, but does not use overcorrection procedures. Implementation requires a study of six…
Descriptors: Daily Living Skills, Autism, Program Effectiveness, Toilet Training
Peer reviewedSteinberg, Michelle; And Others – Young Children, 1992
The current trend of hurrying a child's development, as evidenced by the popularity of disposable pants for toilet training, is criticized. The pants frustrate both parents and children and, it is concluded, serve no useful purpose in the toilet-learning process. (LB)
Descriptors: Child Development, Learning Readiness, Maturity (Individuals), Toilet Training
Peer reviewedBainbridge, Nicole; Myles, Brenda Smith – Focus on Autism and Other Developmental Disabilities, 1999
This case study analyzed effects of priming in introducing toilet training to a 3-year-old boy with autism. Using an ABAB design, analysis found an increase in initiation of toilet use and a decrease in wet diapers when priming was used. (Author/DB)
Descriptors: Autism, Case Studies, Hygiene, Self Care Skills
Peer reviewedRadford, Jo; Anderson, Maggie – Early Child Development and Care, 2003
Outlines problems faced by parents and caregivers of a child with encopresis. Differentiates between knowledge, skill, and volition issues when dealing with the encoprectic child; and suggests possible causal frameworks for the behavior. Concludes with suggestions for managing the teaching/learning situation arising from this behavior. (Author/KB)
Descriptors: Autism, Behavior Problems, Developmental Disabilities, Pervasive Developmental Disorders
Moor, Pauline M.
Intended for parents, the pamphlet provides suggestions for toilet training a blind child. Among the 12 tips presented are to establish a regular and convenient toileting schedule, provide a comfortable toilet arrangement, and give the child something to play with. Common problems in toilet training blind children are reported as fear of sitting…
Descriptors: Blindness, Exceptional Child Education, Guidelines, Hygiene
Boswell, Susan; Gray, Debbie – 1998
This paper discusses toilet training children with autism using techniques recommended by TEACCH consultants. It recommends looking at the problem from the perspective of the student with autism in order to build in many elements of visual structure that will help the child understand exactly what is expected. Teachers are urged to look at each…
Descriptors: Autism, Daily Living Skills, Learning Strategies, Student Motivation
Peer reviewedCicero, Frank R.; Pfadt, Al – Research in Developmental Disabilities, 2002
This study evaluated the effectiveness of a reinforcement-based toilet training intervention with three children with autism. Procedures included positive reinforcement, graduated guidance, scheduled practice trials, and forward prompting. All three children reduced urination accidents to zero and learned to request bathroom use spontaneously…
Descriptors: Autism, Behavior Modification, Hygiene, Instructional Effectiveness
PDF pending restorationSchwartz, Jeffrey K. – 1972
The booklet offers guidelines in both Spanish and English to parents who are toilet training a mentally retarded child. The toilet training process is broken down into tasks that the child must learn, and the importance of positive reinforcement for each successfully accomplished task is emphasized. It is recommended that parents keep charts…
Descriptors: Daily Living Skills, Exceptional Child Education, Guidelines, Hygiene
Singh, Nirbhay Nand – Australian Journal of Mental Retardation, 1976
Descriptors: Behavior Change, Case Studies, Exceptional Child Research, Hygiene
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