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A Systematic Evaluation of Token Economies as a Classroom Management Tool for Students with Challenging Behavior
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Maggin, Daniel M.; Chafouleas, Sandra M.; Goddard, Katelyn M.; Johnson, Austin H. – Journal of School Psychology, 2011
A two-part systematic review was undertaken to assess the effectiveness of token economies in increasing rates of appropriate classroom behavior for students demonstrating behavioral difficulties. The first part of the review utilized the recently published What Works Clearinghouse (WWC) standards for evaluating single-subject research to…
Descriptors: Evidence, Classroom Techniques, Student Behavior, Behavior Disorders
Comparative Effects of Externally Managed and Self-Managed Response-Cost Systems on Inappropriate Classroom Behavior.
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Salend, Spencer J.; Allen, Elizabeth Marie – Journal of School Psychology, 1985
Compared the relative efficacy of externally managed and self-managed free token response-cost systems in decreasing inappropriate behavior of two learning-disabled students. Differential effects of treatment conditions were assessed using alternating treatments design. Results found both treatment conditions equally effective in decreasing…
Descriptors: Behavior Modification, Elementary Education, Elementary School Students, Learning Disabilities
Token Reinforcement on WISC-R Performance for White, Low-Socioeconomic, Upper and Lower Elementary-School-Age Students.
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Bradley-Johnson, Sharon; And Others – Journal of School Psychology, 1986
Examines the effects of token rewards on the Weschler Intelligence Scale for Children-Revised performance of white, first, second, fourth, and fifth grade students of low socioeconomic status. Results indicated that the experimental group scored significantly higher than the control group. A significant difference was also found for grade level,…
Descriptors: Age Differences, Elementary Education, Elementary School Students, Lower Class Students