Sinusoidal functions are difficult for students: Periodicity is a new concept, transferring information from the unit circle can be confusing, and computations with multiple solutions can be overwhelming. Many struggle with both the unfamiliar "waviness" of sinusoidal graphs and their transformations (translations, dilations, and…

When examining transformations of the plane in geometry, teachers typically have students experiment with transformations of polygons. Students are usually quick to notice patterns with ordered pairs. The Common Core State Standard, Geometry, Congruence 2 (G-CO.2), requires students to describe transformations as functions that take points in the…

In this article, the authors discuss "function," a well-defined rule that relates inputs to outputs. They have found that by using the input-output definition of "function," they can examine transformations of functions simply by looking at changes to input or output and the respective changes to the graph. Applying transformations to the input…

Many American students begin their high school mathematics study with the algebra 1-geometry-algebra 2 sequence. After algebra 2, then, students with average or below-average mathematical ability face a dilemma in choosing their next mathematics course. For students to succeed in higher mathematics, understanding the concept of functions is…

Additive two-factor conjoint measurement is derived from axioms that do not include unrestricted solvability or a condition on interlocked standard sequences. (Author)

The third in a series of four articles, this is concerned with establishing the main properties of the general linear transformation of the plane, equations of lines, area, and change of axes. For earlier articles, see MT number 57, Winter 1971, pp. 14-19 and MT number 58, Spring 1972, pp. 49-55. (DT)

Relations between maximum likelihood factor analysis and factor indeterminacy are discussed. (CK)