In response to declining local and state appropriations for public education, community colleges have taken steps to formalize fundraising efforts by creating institutional foundations as recipients of tax-deductible contributions. Large-scale external fundraising at community colleges began as a result of the 1965 Higher Education Act and the…

This paper examines the role of organized labor in the United States in providing training and education for union members. The first section clarifies the purpose of the union as an institution by examining its roles, functions, characteristics, and legal frameworks. Domestic and international competition affecting unions and their relationship…