Examined the effectiveness of specific psychoeducational tutoring methods on achievement in reading, self-esteem, auding, and verbal language in 132 youths and adults reading below fifth level. Found subjects made significant improvement. Also tested the adequacy of a developmental reading model for adult illiterates. (Author/JAC)

Reviews some representative literature in man/machine tutorial systems. Student-to-student tutoring, tutoring by proctor, tutoring in programed instruction and with teaching machines, auto/audio/video tutoring, and tutoring with computers are discussed. (RAO)

Students who underwent counseling displayed a positive difference in classroom behavior, relationships with teachers and peers, and self-understanding. Tutored children improved their academic behavior and teachers reported success with several strategies for behavior change. (JAC)

Cross-age tutors and tutees (n=122 children) felt that tutorial learning was most dependent on effort rather than ability factors and attributed positive learning consequences to their tutoring partner, but negative learning consequences to themselves. (Author/RL)

Advocates individualizing remedial writing courses at the college level and describes three programs that emphasize individual placement, focus on student writing rather than on workbook materials, and offer peer tutoring. (MKM)

Final-year computer studies students in an expert systems class were given conventional tutorials, computerized tutorials, and computer tutorials with a mastery class. Both groups using tutorials out performed the control group; however, no statistically significant difference was found between groups using computer tutorials. Concludes that…

Discusses interviews of English-as-a-Second-Language (ESL) students' conducted to assess their reactions to a tutorial project for improving cognitive performance in content courses through the use of talk and writing as learning tools. The study concludes that ESL learners should be given opportunities to use their own language resources to…

Describes a cross-age reading program called Storymates, which connected school and home literacy experiences of 9-, 10-, and 11-year olds through storybook reading to younger siblings, relatives, and neighborhood friends. Discusses exploring story structure in the classroom; reading storybooks in school and at home; how retellings improved; and…

The literacy training program of Imperial Educational Corporation is a small-group, individualized approach to basic skills instruction for employees lacking basic skills. Pilot studies how significant growth in academic and study skills and positive motivational changes in relation to learning and work. (SK)

Discusses prison education in Great Britain and reports on a study of Open University prison tutors that investigated tutorial relationships, student characteristics, and contextual features. Highlights include research on prison education; the Open University/Home Office Scheme that arranged prison education; and an appendix that shows course…

A group of high-risk transfer students in third through fifth grades participated in a school orientation program and received tutoring at school. A second group received additional tutoring at home. Both groups showed modest improvements in academic and social behavior. Combined tutoring at home and school was more effective for third graders…

Advocates grounding a tutor training program in research-based theoretical models, such as student development and metacognitive theories. Recommends that tutor training cover student development philosophy, effective communication skills, campus resources, instructional support materials, learning theory/learning styles, metacognitive approaches…

Described is a computer-based tutoring program that helped to improve computational performance for 16 preservice elementary teachers by effectively increasing their awareness of a tendency to divide consistently by the smaller of 2 numbers presented within division word problems. (JJK)

Analyzes factors internal to the tutor and tutee (i.e., cognition, metacognition, and affect) and external to them (e.g., teacher/tutor background knowledge, educational environment, content to be learned, socioeconomic status, family background, and cultural forces) that influence the tutoring process. Suggests a theoretical framework for…