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Direct linkLi-Gao, Ruifang; Boomsma, Dorret I.; Dolan, Conor V.; De Geus, Eco J. C.; Denollet, Johan; Kupper, Nina – Developmental Psychology, 2022
Feeling inhibited and socially not at ease is reflected in the trait social inhibition (SI). SI is associated with psychopathology that arises in young adulthood, such as anxiety. We aim for a better insight into the genetic and environmental contributions to SI across the life span, and as such examine their contributions to SI stability and…
Descriptors: Inhibition, Genetics, Environmental Influences, Twins
Mairon, Noam; Abramson, Lior; Knafo-Noam, Ariel; Perry, Anat; Nahum, Mor – Developmental Psychology, 2023
Empathy and executive functions (EFs) are multimodal constructs that enable individuals to cope with their environment. Both abilities develop throughout childhood and are known to contribute to social behavior and academic performance in young adolescents. Notably, mentalizing and EF activate shared frontotemporal brain areas, which in previous…
Descriptors: Empathy, Correlation, Twins, Longitudinal Studies
Smith, Louisa L.; Banich, Marie T.; Friedman, Naomi P. – Journal of Experimental Psychology: Learning, Memory, and Cognition, 2019
The ability to enact cognitive control under changing environmental demands is commonly studied using set-shifting paradigms. While the control processes required for task set reconfiguration (switch costs) have been studied extensively, less research has focused on the control required during task repetition in blocks containing multiple tasks as…
Descriptors: Individual Differences, Executive Function, Young Adults, Task Analysis
Evans, Nathan J.; Steyvers, Mark; Brown, Scott D. – Cognitive Science, 2018
Understanding individual differences in cognitive performance is an important part of understanding how variations in underlying cognitive processes can result in variations in task performance. However, the exploration of individual differences in the components of the decision process--such as cognitive processing speed, response caution, and…
Descriptors: Cognitive Ability, Models, Individual Differences, Cognitive Processes
Tosto, Maria Grazia; Garon-Carrier, Gabrielle; Gross, Susan; Petrill, Stephen A.; Malykh, Sergey; Malki, Karim; Hart, Sara A.; Thompson, Lee; Karadaghi, Rezhaw L.; Yakovlev, Nikita; Tikhomirova, Tatiana; Opfer, John E.; Mazzocco, Michèle M. M.; Dionne, Ginette; Brendgen, Mara; Vitaro, Frank; Tremblay, Richard E.; Boivin, Michel; Kovas, Yulia – British Journal of Educational Psychology, 2019
Background: The number line task assesses the ability to estimate numerical magnitudes. People vary greatly in this ability, and this variability has been previously associated with mathematical skills. However, the sources of individual differences in number line estimation and its association with mathematics are not fully understood. Aims: This…
Descriptors: Twins, Individual Differences, Computation, Mathematics Skills
von Stumm, Sophie; Plomin, Robert – Developmental Science, 2018
School performance is one of the most stable and heritable psychological characteristics. Notwithstanding, monozygotic twins (MZ), who have identical genotypes, differ in school performance. These MZ differences result from non-shared environments that do not contribute to the similarity within twin pairs. Because to date few non-shared…
Descriptors: Genetics, Twins, Academic Achievement, Psychological Characteristics
Wesseldijk, Laura W.; Mosing, Miriam A.; Ullén, Fredrik – Developmental Psychology, 2019
Both genes and the environment are important for individual differences in expertise, but little is known about gene-environment interactions underlying domain-specific achievement. Here we explored this issue in a large Swedish twin cohort (N = 6,610), using moderator modeling with musical expertise as a model domain. Specifically, we tested…
Descriptors: Genetics, Environmental Influences, Interaction, Expertise
Zavala, Catalina; Beam, Christopher R.; Finch, Brian K.; Gatz, Margaret; Johnson, Wendy; Kremen, William S.; Neiderhiser, Jenae M.; Pedersen, Nancy L.; Reynolds, Chandra A. – Developmental Psychology, 2018
We examined whether attained socioeconomic status (SES) moderated genetic and environmental sources of individual differences in cognitive performance using pooled data from 9 adult twin studies. Prior work concerning SES moderation of cognitive performance has focused on rearing SES. The current adult sample of 12,196 individuals (aged 27-98…
Descriptors: Socioeconomic Status, Adults, Cognitive Processes, Genetics
Toseeb, Umar; Oginni, Olakunle Ayokunmi; Dale, Philip S. – Journal of Learning Disabilities, 2022
There is considerable variability in the extent to which young people with developmental language disorder (DLD) experience mental health difficulties. What drives these individual differences remains unclear. In the current article, data from the Twin Early Development Study were used to investigate the genetic and environmental influences on…
Descriptors: Language Impairments, Correlation, Psychopathology, Mental Health
Frazier-Wood, Alexis C.; Saudino, Kimberly J. – Developmental Psychology, 2017
The observation that children's activity level (AL) differs between novel and familiar situations is well established. What influences individual differences in how AL is different across these situations is less well understood. Drawing on animal literature, which links rats' AL when 1st placed in a novel setting with novelty seeking phenotypes,…
Descriptors: Shyness, Physical Activity Level, Novelty (Stimulus Dimension), Individual Differences
Vitaro, Frank; Brendgen, Mara; Girard, Alain; Dionne, Ginette; Tremblay, Richard E.; Boivin, Michel – International Journal of Behavioral Development, 2016
Exposure to deviant friends has been found to be a powerful source of influence on children's and adolescents' aggressive behavior. However, the contribution of deviant friends may have been overestimated because of a possible non-accounted gene-environment correlation (rGE). In this study, we used a cross-lagged design to test whether friends'…
Descriptors: Adolescents, Friendship, Aggression, Genetics
Harlarr, Nicole; De Thorne, Laura Segebart; Smith, Jamie Mahurin; Betancourt, Mariana Aparicio; Petrill, Stephen A. – Journal of Speech, Language, and Hearing Research, 2016
Purpose: We evaluated genetic and environmental contributions to individual differences in language skills during early adolescence, measured by both language sampling and standardized tests, and examined the extent to which these genetic and environmental effects are stable across time. Purpose: We evaluated genetic and environmental…
Descriptors: Genetics, Environmental Influences, Individual Differences, Language Skills
Friedman, Naomi P.; Miyake, Akira; Altamirano, Lee J.; Corley, Robin P.; Young, Susan E.; Rhea, Sally Ann; Hewitt, John K. – Developmental Psychology, 2016
Executive functions (EFs)--the higher level cognitive abilities that enable us to control our own thoughts and actions--continue to develop into early adulthood, yet no longitudinal study has examined their stability during the important life transition from late adolescence to young adulthood. In this twin study (total N = 840 individuals from…
Descriptors: Executive Function, Late Adolescents, Young Adults, Twins
Markovitch, Noam; Luyckx, Koen; Klimstra, Theo; Abramson, Lior; Knafo-Noam, Ariel – Developmental Psychology, 2017
Identity formation is a key developmental task in adolescence. Although many adolescents in modern societies face issues of identity, there are substantial individual differences in identity exploration and commitment. Little is known about the origins of these individual differences. The current study investigated the genetic and environmental…
Descriptors: Early Adolescents, Identification (Psychology), Adolescent Development, Genetics
Del Giudice, Marco – Developmental Psychology, 2016
According to models of differential susceptibility, the same neurobiological and temperamental traits that determine increased sensitivity to stress and adversity also confer enhanced responsivity to the positive aspects of the environment. Differential susceptibility models have expanded to include complex developmental processes in which genetic…
Descriptors: Twins, Environmental Influences, Individual Development, Models
