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Taegang Lee; Yoonhyoung Lee; Sungmook Choi – Language Learning & Technology, 2025
Empirical evidence remains sparse about how videos enhanced with first-language (L1) and second-language (L2) subtitles influence cognitive load in L2 learners. To address this point, 25 Korean undergraduate students were exposed to six short videos: baseline, L1-subtitled, and L2-subtitled videos at both high and low difficulty levels (determined…
Descriptors: Captions, Native Language, Second Language Learning, Language Processing
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Eun Seon Chung – Language Learning & Technology, 2024
While previous investigations on online machine translation (MT) in language learning have analyzed how second language (L2) learners use and post-edit MT output, no study as of yet has investigated how the learners process MT errors and what factors affect this process using response and reading times. The present study thus investigates L2…
Descriptors: English (Second Language), Korean, Language Processing, Translation
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Bikowski, Dawn; Casal, J. Elliott – Language Learning & Technology, 2018
This mixed-methods study explored non-native English speaking students' learning processes and engagement as they used a customized interactive digital textbook housed on a mobile device. Think aloud protocols, surveys of anticipated and actual engagement with the digital textbook, reflective journals, and member checking constituted data…
Descriptors: Electronic Publishing, Textbooks, Interaction, English Language Learners
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van der Zwaard, Rose; Bannink, Anne – Language Learning & Technology, 2019
In this paper we explore and identify emerging patterns of synchronous digital discourse trajectories between dyads of native (NS) and non-native speakers (NNS), with a particular focus on (absence of) negotiated interaction. We will present a new model of L2 learning interaction that is a schematic representation of two main types of hearer…
Descriptors: Second Language Learning, Persuasive Discourse, Computer Mediated Communication, Learning Processes
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Gass, Susan; Winke, Paula; Isbell, Daniel R.; Ahn, Jieun – Language Learning & Technology, 2019
Captions provide a useful aid to language learners for comprehending videos and learning new vocabulary, aligning with theories of multimedia learning. Multimedia learning predicts that a learner's working memory (WM) influences the usefulness of captions. In this study, we present two eye-tracking experiments investigating the role of WM in…
Descriptors: Eye Movements, Short Term Memory, Multimedia Instruction, Teaching Methods
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Scholz, Kyle W.; Schulze, Mathias – Language Learning & Technology, 2017
Recent research in digital game-based language learning has been encouraging, yet it would benefit from research methods that focus on the gaming processes and second-language development (Larsen-Freeman, 2015) rather than learner/player reflection or individuals' beliefs about the validity of gameplay. This has proven challenging as research…
Descriptors: Second Language Learning, Second Language Instruction, Role Playing, Observation