To investigate how task complexity cognitive factors influence the lexical complexity in essay writing, this study was guided by Robinson's Cognition Hypothesis (CH) and Skehan's Limited Attentional Capacity Model (LACM), and examined the effects of task complexity on lexical complexity in undergraduates' essay writing. Using Lu's Lexical…

The paper examines the relationship between EFL learners' first impressions of their instructors and their speaking performance. The study employed a mixed-methods approach, combining a test and a questionnaire to provide a comprehensive analysis. The participants were 81 EFL learners at Taif University. The results revealed that the correlation…

This study sought to scrutinize the interplay between interlanguage pragmatic learning strategies (IPLS) usage and learner autonomy among male and female English as a Foreign Language (EFL) learners. It also examines whether gender plays a significant role in the adoption and efficacy of these strategies in the EFL learning context. The study…

The present study investigates the writing strategies used by 135 Indonesian English Foreign Language undergraduate students with different English proficiency and the relationship between their English proficiency, indicated by students' receptive vocabulary knowledge, and the quality of text they produced. The writing strategies questionnaire by…

This study investigates how academic disciplines impact second language (L2) lexical competencies. Prior L2 research has often overlooked the broader effects of disciplinary backgrounds on lexical development. To address this gap, this study utilized lexical decision, memory, and semantic fluency tasks to examine lexicon recognition, memory, and…

While prior studies have highlighted that extensive student engagement could help maximize students' learning benefits in general, a paucity of research has explored student engagement with teacher written feedback (WF), especially when students processed various English proficiency levels. To fill this gap, this multiple-case study explored how…

In recent years, the importance of listening when becoming communicatively competent in a new language has been increasingly recognized, and authors such as Richards (2002; 2005) have responded to this awareness by producing material specifically designed to meet this need. In order to develop listening proficiency, other authors (e.g.…

The practice of second language (L2) speech perception has traditionally relied on equal-interval perceptual scales and novice listeners' (NLs) impressionistic judgments of constructs such as accentedness and comprehensibility (Munro & Derwing, 2011). However, issues have surfaced with respect to how well NLs can use these scales, whether they…

The present study aims at exploring the relation of EFL learners' reflective thinking attitudes and language achievement (GPA). The association of the learners' reflective thinking styles with their educational levels as well as their gender, were also estimated. To this end, 196 students from universities of Gonabad and Mashhad, two cities in the…

Given the lack of a systematic and comprehensive needs analysis to inform EAP programs in Iran, the present study aimed to explore the EAP needs of students of knowledge and information science. Questionnaires, undergraduates' self-assessment, teachers' evaluation of undergraduates' language abilities, and semistructured interviews were used for…

From the perspective of Vygotsky's Sociocultural Theory and Zone of Proximal Development (ZPD), dynamic assessment (DA) highlights the role of mediation in the learning process by unveiling the distance between actual learning proficiency and potential learning development. DA is more helpful in fostering students' ability to solve problems…