A successful lecture that includes meaningful class discussions requires students to be familiar with the topics covered in the assigned reading. However, because college students frequently do not complete such reading prior to class, instructors are faced with the challenge of finding methods that would encourage students to do so. The purpose…

Three modes of instruction were compared in teaching two units in an undergraduate course on the teaching of elementary school reading. All of the 116 students received packets of learning materials related to the objectives of each unit. Students in the lecture groups used the packets as supplementary materials, those in independent study were…