The research examines the structural and spatial features of Pennsylvania nonmetropolitan places with net outmigration, 1940-60, and net inmigration, 1960-70, in comparison with Pennsylvania nonmetropolitan places with net outmigration, 1940-70. A one-way analysis of variance and step-wise discriminant function analysis were used. (Author/NQ)

In Pennsylvania, high-poverty nonmetro counties are attracting additional poor immigrants, especially the least educated, at the same time that college graduates are showing a net outmigration from rural areas. This pattern increases the strain on rural educational and social services. Survey results suggest that the poor move primarily for…

Enrollment changes between 1970 and 1976 in the 504 public school districts in Pennsylvania were examined in light of "turnaround" (revival of growth in nonmetropolitan areas). Each district was classified into one of four categories according to the size of the largest urban place in the district, so that enrollment changes within…