Explores the validity of the Subjective Unit of Discomfort (SUD), which monitors changes in anxiety levels during the application of systematic desensitization to phobias, by correlating it with established instruments of the state of anxiety. Given the limitation of the absence of an anxiety-provoking situation, this study provides empirical data…

This study seeks evidence for the validity of the concept of egocentrism in children. Three standard egocentrism tests are intercorrelated to determine the degree to which they appear to be measuring a single construct (convergent validity); whether the three tasks intercorrelate more than they do with a theoretically unrelated task (discriminant…

This is a report on further construct validation of the Sage Developmental Scales for the late adolescent period which intends to make these scales more useful to counselors of college freshmen. This study is also a further step in clarifying the dimensions measured by the Developmental Scales through the use of trait adjectives. It was…

Demonstrates that high school students gave absolute estimates of nonphysical, physical, and sexual aggression during the past month, six months, and 12 months that were not significantly different from one another. These results mean that reports of interpersonal violence must be strongly affected by a number of factors. (Author/MKA)

Immigration is one of the most significant changes which can occur in one's lifetime. Immigrants struggle with their foreign environment and renewed crises; they suffer from "uprootedness" and "missed embeddedness" and have difficulty integrating their identity roles. Erikson's psychosocial development theory and Marcia's…

Examined age and gender differences in the quality of sport friendship, noting relationships between friendship quality and motivation-related variables and reexamining the validity of the Sport Friendship Quality Scale (SFQS). Adolescent tennis players completed the SFQS and other measures. Age and gender differences in friendship emerged.…

There is a longstanding cultural stereotype that women tend to be more empathic than men. For many years this stereotype has been upheld by theory and research in fields as diverse as psychoanalysis, social, developmental, personality, and feminist psychology. This study was designed to clarify further the relationship of empathy to gender and sex…

Employed confirmatory and exploratory factor analytic methods to test the hypothesis that Spielberger's revised four-factor model of anxiety was valid for characterizing the anxiety of Blacks. Administered the State-Trait Anxiety Inventory to 182 Black adults. Confirmed the state-trait assertion, but not the four-factor model of anxiety-present…

Investigates how socioeconomic status, sex, and age of admission to a child psychiatry ward influenced the clinical picture of aggressive conduct disorder among 58 affected children. As little evidence of variation in any of the three variables was found, results reinforced the idea that the disorder is a valid psychiatric syndrome. (RH)

Results of confirmatory and exploratory analyses of 485 nonstudent adults' (N=485) responses to the NEO Five-Factor Inventory indicate that a six-factor model best fit the data. Results show some empirical justification for using the NEO Five-Factor Inventory to assess clients' and research participants' core personality traits. (Author/MKA)

This study describes the construction and validation of an instrument designed to measure adults' caretaking experience with infants and young children. (BD)

In the context of licensure testing, this study addressed the importance of supplementing the usual content-related validity evidence (job analysis) with empirical validation. Evidence supporting the validity and fairness of the Real Estate National Licensing Examination (RENSE) is provided. Confirmatory factor analysis (CFA) with structural…

Tested Gottfredson's (1981) compromise model by comparing the relative importance of sex-type, prestige, and interests under career preference and compromise choice situations using a policy-capturing paradigm with 37 participants. Found no support for Gottfredson's compromise model. (Author/ABL)