This qualitative study examined the perceived career options of 10 White adolescent young women who experienced social class privilege in their families of origin. The model of contextual privilege and career selection for adolescent White women emerged from the data, and it describes how social class privilege, gender, achievement expectations,…

Analayzed transcripts of Three Approaches to Psychotherapy (Shostrom, 1966) for counselor and client representational system predicate use. Although different patterns of predicate use emerged, only limited support for Neurolinguistic Programming theory was found. The findings of different patterns of predicate use were related to convergence and…

This study investigated the effects of 15 second client response latencies upon the speech and silence behavior of four experimentally naive counselors in advanced training. The results indicate that a coached client was able to effect change unobtrusively in the speech and silence behavior of counselors. (Author)

Determined the helpfulness of different counselor verbal response modes. Using Interpersonal Process Recall, clients in two samples rated the helpfulness of particular counselor responses. Interpretations received the highest helpfulness ratings from both client and counselor. Advisements were rated as slightly more helpful than nonadvisements.…

Tested three explanations for the differential impact of verbal and nonverbal cues on perceptions of counselor expertness, attractiveness, and trustworthiness: cue availability, vividness, and salience-vividness. Results suggest cue availability is not a compelling explanation for the power of nonverbal communications, vividness accounts for…

A persuasion scale assessing counselor conviction and client agreement was used to rate 900 counselor statements. The 24 highest rated and 15 lowest rated persuasive statements were fed into a graphic level recorder. Differences in the graphs of high- and low- persuasive statements indicated that loudness is a characteristic of persuasion. (Author)

Therapist-led, leaderless, and alternating sequence sessions were compared. Leaderless sessions exhibited more socially oriented behavior than the therapist-led, while the therapist-led meetings were considered more speculative and confrontive, more concerned with group relationships, and more pertinent and task-oriented than the leaderless…

Examined effects of supervisor experience level (no, low, and high) on presession planning and in-session supervisor verbal behavior. No significant differences were found between levels in planning statements; however, differences were observed in supervision session. Low- and high-experience supervisors were rated more positively than…

Defined verbal behavior categories for clients (the Client Verbal Behavior System, CL-VBS), and for counselors (the Counselor Verbal Behavior System, CO-VBS), to match the categories in the Carkhuff and Ivey training models, in order to study the acquisition of the skills and their impact on client responses and outcomes. (Author/JAC)

Analyzed transcripts of films of three leading psychologists (Rogers, Shostrom, and Lazarus), each conducting an initial interview with the same client, according to the revised version of the Hill Counselor Verbal Response Category System. Differences in verbal behavior seemed to correspond with the three counselors' theoretical positions. (JAC)

Subjects were given a set emphasizing the importance of facilitative conditions or one in which no specific mention was made of the conditions. Although learning was not clearly demonstrated, the results indicated that the experimenters high in facilitative conditions elicited a greater percentage of the response class than did experimenters low…

Investigated effects of different verbal counseling styles, nonverbal behaviors, and client sex on facilitative conditions of the counseling relationship. Verbal style included an affective and behavioral interactive communication style. Nonverbal behaviors were eye contact, smiling, head nodding, and trunk lean-forward. Certain nonverbal…

Evaluated comparative effectiveness of an in vivo presentation, a personally written letter, and an impersonal brochure in modifying students' attitudes toward the appropriateness of personal/social, vocational, and college routine concerns for discussion with a counseling psychologist. Results suggest simple presentation of the facts is enough to…

Investigates relationship between conceptual level and counselor trainee behavior in counseling analogue. Comparison of verbal responses of counselors using six categories of Amidon's counselor interaction analysis and Counselor Verbal Response Scale indicated differences in response patterns of students as function of their conceptual level.…

A linear relationship in psychotherapeutic groups between verbal behavior, defined as the level of communication, and experienced anxiety is hypothesized. A curvilinear relationship was discovered. Maximum level of anxiety occurred on border of communication of private and unknown-self material. When communication increased above these levels, the…