ULTIMATE OBJECTIVE OF THIS STUDY IS A SYSTEM IN WHICH INSTRUCTORS MAY IDENTIFY RELEVANT AUDIENCE CHARACTERISTICS AND THEN DESIGN A PROGRAM TO OPTIMIZE LEARNING. MULTIPLE REGRESSION, FACTOR ANALYSIS, AND CROSS-VALIDATING PROCEDURES WERE USED TO ASSESS THE IMMEDIATE AND DELAYED LEARNING EFFECTS OF PROGRAMMED INSTRUCTION. INDEPENDENT VARIABLES…

Programing methods and response modes were investigated to determine effective training methods. The identification and pronunciation of phonetic symbols were taught using two different methods of programing (prompting and confirmation) and two methods of response (overt and covert). Achievement was measured on both a multiple choice test and a…

SEVERAL CONCLUSIONS FROM RESEARCH ON VISUALS ARE DISCUSSED. THE PARTICULAR STUDIES ON WHICH THESE CONCLUSIONS ARE BASED ARE TWO MULTIVARIATE EXPERIMENTS WHICH USED PROGRAMED SCIENCE DEMONSTRATIONS PRESENTED OVER TELEVISION AND PROGRAMED VERBAL MATERIALS ON THE SAME SCIENCE PRINCIPLES BUT PRESENTED IN SELF-PACED BOOKLETS. THE LEVEL OF THE…

THIS COLLECTION OF PAPERS CONSTITUTES THE FINAL REPORT OF A PROJECT DEVOTED TO AN ANALYSIS OF THE BEHAVIORAL PROCESSES UNDERLYING PROGRAMED INSTRUCTION. THE PAPERS ARE GROUPED UNDER THREE HEADINGS--(1) "PROGRAMING RESEARCH," (2) "BASIC SKILLS--RATIONALE AND PROCEDURE," AND (3) "BASIC SKILLS--SPECIFIC SKILLS." THE…

3 EXPERIMENTS WERE DESIGNED TO FILL THE GAP BETWEEN LAB-ESTABLISHED VERBAL LEARNING PRINCIPLES AND THEIR APPLICATION TO COMPLEX VERBAL LEARNING BY USING THE TEACHING MACHINE TO CONTROL PRESENTATION VARIABLES SUCH AS AMOUNT AND ORDER OF MATERIAL EXPOSED. EXPERIMENT I MEASURED THE EFFECTS OF REPETITION AND SPACED REVIEW ON RETENTION, EXPERIMENT II…

The theoretical functions of external feedback in SR and closed loop models of verbal learning are presented. Contradictory predictions from the models are tested with a three by three factorial experiment including three types of feedback and three amounts of rehearsal. There were 90 adult students run individually and they were required to learn…

Reported is a study of the effect of having seventh grade science students make overt verbal responses in written form to questions of varying degrees of complexity following sequential segments of programed instruction on Newtonian mechanics. It was hypothesized that students responding to more complex questions would have significantly higher…

AN EXPERIMENT TO DETERMINE EFFECTIVENESS OF VISUAL (VI) AND VERBAL (VE) PROGRAMED PRESENTATIONS ALSO VARIED RESPONSE MODE (ACTIVE VERSUS PASSIVE) AND ORDER OF PRESENTATION OF VI AND VE VERSIONS OF A SCIENCE LESSON FOR 200 GRADE 8 STUDENTS, TAUGHT VIA CLOSED CIRCUIT TELEVISION, THE FACTORIAL DESIGN REQUIRED EXPOSURE TO ONE LESSON VERSION, IMMEDIATE…

In the event of an emergency aboard a vessel, the sound powered telephone talkers have the responsibility of receiving damage reports from various portions of the ship, logging them, and passing them on to a Damage Control Assistant (DCA) who then can direct the damage control procedures. The talker must not only be thoroughly familiar with sound…

Paper presented at Symposium on Research and Utilization of Educational Media for Teaching the Deaf (Lincoln, Nebraska, March 17-19, 1969). (JJ)

RESEARCH ON SEQUENCING OF INSTRUCTION CAN BE DIVIDED INTO NINE TYPES ACCORDING TO DIFFERENT DIMENSIONS ON WHICH THE EXPERIMENTS VARY. SITUATIONS IN WHICH THE LEARNER CONTROLS THE OBJECTIVES ARE DIFFICULT TO EVALUATE EXPLICITLY BECAUSE OF DIFFERING CONTENT LEARNED. AMONG EXPERIMENTER-CONTROLLED LEARNING SITUATIONS, THE WORK OF GAGNE AND HIS…

Criticism against the application of Skinnerian programed instruction techniques to foreign language learning is advanced, while the development of a largely self-instructional guided learning program with live teachers and other students is advocated. Major attention is directed to an explanation of the principles of programed instruction, the…

A STATUS REPORT WAS MADE OF THE ACTIVITIES PURSUED IN A 3-MONTH PORTION OF PHASE 1 OF A LARGER 10-YEAR PROJECT PLANNED TO STUDY THE PSYCHOLOGICAL AND EDUCATIONAL FACTORS INVOLVED IN TRANSFER OF TRAINING BY USE OF PROGRAMED SELF-INSTRUCTION PRESENTED BY TEACHING MACHINES. THIS MEDIUM WAS CHOSEN BECAUSE IT PROVIDES LABORATORY-LIKE CONDITIONS SUCH AS…

The results of a number of experiments with the memorizing of several different subject-matters are presented in such a way that the relationship between number of opportunities for error (word elements faded) and number of errors actually made can be observed for individuals and groups. The particular selection of word elements to be taught by…