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Direct linkCunningham, Anna J.; Carroll, Julia M. – Scientific Studies of Reading, 2011
We investigate the effects of age-related factors and formal instruction on the development of reading-related skills in children aged 4 and 7 years. Age effects were determined by comparing two groups of children at the onset of formal schooling; one aged 7 (later-schooled) and one aged 4 (earlier-schooled). Schooling effects were measured by…
Descriptors: Reading Difficulties, Phonological Awareness, Verbal Learning, Reading Instruction
Download full textKnight, Catharine C.; Nelsen, Edward A. – 1982
A study examined hierarchical relationships among three developmental components of reading ability in grades 1 through 3. It was predicted that semantic skills develop initially, followed by letter identification skills, phonological skills, and visual skills. Reading ability was assessed with a word identification task. The semantic components…
Descriptors: Beginning Reading, Language Acquisition, Phonics, Primary Education
Peer reviewedDavis, Albert J.; Hathaway, Betty K. – Reading Psychology, 1986
Findings imply that while preschool children both enjoy and profit from listening to stories read to them in unelaborated fashion, they gain much more from observing and participating in the actions portrayed in the stories. (FL)
Descriptors: Learning Processes, Learning Strategies, Listening Comprehension, Perceptual Motor Learning
