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Duncan, Edward M.; And Others – Child Development, 1982
In two experiments, children ages six through eight, 10-year-old children, and college students were shown several series of slides. Each series told a unique "story" and was followed by oral questions. Results illustrated the increasing interdependence of the verbal and visual systems with age. (Author/MP)
Descriptors: Age Differences, Children, College Students, Memory

Kunen, Seth; Duncan, Edward M. – Journal of Educational Research, 1983
The value of verbal labeling is shown by a study of fourth-grade, eighth-grade, and college students who were shown pictures accompanied by short verbal descriptions. Verbal descriptions increased correct recognitions and rejections of unrelated distractors, while increasing false recognition of related distractors. Results were consistent for all…
Descriptors: College Students, Elementary Secondary Education, Grade 4, Grade 8
Duncan, Edward M.; And Others – 1981
Two experiments, designed to examine the developmental changes in the modification of visual memory by verbal information, are described in this paper. In both experiments, first, third, and fifth grade children and college students were shown slides of short episodes followed by oral questions. Questions either described or did not describe…
Descriptors: Age Differences, Association (Psychology), Cognitive Development, Cognitive Processes