Effective science instruction in a blended learning approach is synonymous with the strategic use of instructional videos (IVs) to fill the gap in teacher support. This study aims to determine the IVs' effectiveness in improving students' concept retention and overall learning experiences. The experimental group was exposed to instruction…

As an important resource in online learning, video lectures have attracted considerable research attention in the impact of teachers' nonverbal guidance behaviors on learning. However, few studies have focused on secondary education, and it remains unclear whether the interaction between different guidance frequencies and types leads to variations…

Despite the increasing popularity of using video-recorded lectures, we still understand little about how different video styles and study strategies during video lectures may affect student learning. In this paper, we present a systematic investigation of video-recorded lectures in the context of secondary school mathematics education. Study 1…