Both sequencing content and fading instructional support are scaffolding techniques designed to make it easier for learners to process information. While sequencing content separates problems into manageable parts before problem-solving, fading of instruction gradually reduces instructional support before problem-solving. Although cognitive load…

Scaffolding techniques, such as sequencing and fading, used in online video lectures may help mitigate the negative relationship between complex contents represented by intrinsic load and content understanding represented by germane load. This study analyzed survey responses from university students (n = 2365) who participated in online classes in…

An important part of online courses is the delivery of instruction via video lectures. Video lectures should use media effectively to reduce extraneous load and maximize cognitive processing, thereby helping students to learn. Instructors may be able to reduce extraneous load by varying the number of audio and visual media used. This study…