Research indicates that false memory is lower following visual than auditory study, potentially because visual information is more distinctive. In the present study we tested the extent to which retrieval orientation can cause a modality effect on memory accuracy. Participants studied unrelated words in different modalities, followed by criterial…

The encoding processes of poor and average readers were compared in a short-term memory task. Since poor readers have difficulty in integrating audiovisual input, it was hypothesized that this pattern may be due to inadequate acoustic encoding. The results did not support the hypothesis. (Author/CS)

Using visual and auditory memory sequencing tests with 140 children aged 8-10, this study aimed to investigate the assumption that visual and auditory memory are important component functions in children's spelling. (Author)

Auditory and visual recognition were studied in subjects ranging in age from 10 to 60 years. In comparison with perceptual and response factors, memory scanning time is relatively insensitive to age differences, and auditory recognition involves the use of a pre-linguistic memory system insensitive to age differences. (Author/MF)

The relationship between visual and auditory performance and reading achievement came under scrutiny in this study. It was thought that both poor and average readers would perform better on auditory tasks than on visual ones but that this discrepancy would be considerably greater for the poor or retarded reader. Seventy-two children from grades 1,…