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Vision in Children and Adolescents with Autistic Spectrum Disorder: Evidence for Reduced Convergence
Peer reviewed
Direct linkMilne, Elizabeth; Griffiths, Helen; Buckley, David; Scope, Alison – Journal of Autism and Developmental Disorders, 2009
Evidence of atypical perception in individuals with ASD is mainly based on self report, parental questionnaires or psychophysical/cognitive paradigms. There have been relatively few attempts to establish whether binocular vision is enhanced, intact or abnormal in those with ASD. To address this, we screened visual function in 51 individuals with…
Descriptors: Autism, Vision, Integrity, Visual Acuity
Fellinger, J.; Holzinger, D.; Dirmhirn, A.; van Dijk, J.; Goldberg, D. – Journal of Intellectual Disability Research, 2009
Background: Early identification of deaf-blindness is essential to ensure appropriate management. Previous studies indicate that deaf-blindness is often missed. We aim to discover the extent to which deaf-blindness in people with intellectual disability (ID) is undiagnosed. Method: A survey was made of the 253 residents of an institute offering…
Descriptors: Blindness, Mental Retardation, Vision Tests, Deafness
Schoessow, Kimberly A.; Gilbert, Leah M.; Jackson, Mary Lou – Journal of Visual Impairment & Blindness, 2010
Central scotomas--areas of the nonseeing retina within the central 20 degrees of the visual field--are present in approximately 90% of vision rehabilitation patients. They vary in size and shape and can be small or large, symmetrical or asymmetrical, round or irregularly shaped. Most central scotomas border fixation on one side and can be overcome…
Descriptors: Intervention, Partial Vision, Vision, Patients
Lam, Fook Chang; Lovett, Fiona; Dutton, Gordon N. – Journal of Visual Impairment & Blindness, 2010
Damage to the areas of the brain that are responsible for higher visual processing can lead to severe cerebral visual impairment (CVI). The prognosis for higher cognitive visual functions in children with CVI is not well described. We therefore present our six-year follow-up of a boy with CVI and highlight intervention approaches that have proved…
Descriptors: Visual Impairments, Ophthalmology, Brain, Disabilities
Stainthorp, Rhona; Stuart, Morag; Powell, Daisy; Quinlan, Philip; Garwood, Holly – Scientific Studies of Reading, 2010
Two groups of 8- to 10-year-olds differing in rapid automatized naming speed but matched for age, verbal and nonverbal ability, phonological awareness, phonological memory, and visual acuity participated in four experiments investigating early visual processing. As low RAN children had significantly slower simple reaction times (SRT) this was…
Descriptors: Phonological Awareness, Visual Acuity, Reading Ability, Nonverbal Ability
Wong, Alex W. K.; Chan, Chetwyn C. H.; Li-Tsang, Cecilia W. P.; Lam, Chow S. – Research in Developmental Disabilities: A Multidisciplinary Journal, 2009
We investigated the task processes which hinder people with intellectual disabilities (ID) when using the human-computer interface. This involved testing performance on specific computer tasks and conducting detailed analyses of the task demands imposed on the participants. The interface used by Internet Explorer (IE) was standardized into 16…
Descriptors: Mental Retardation, Screening Tests, Visual Acuity, Computer Interfaces
Sunness, Janet S.; Rubin, Gary S.; Zuckerbrod, Abraham; Applegate, Carol A. – Journal of Visual Impairment & Blindness, 2008
Foveal-sparing scotomas are common in advanced dry macular degeneration (geographic atrophy). Foveal preservation may be present for a number of years. Despite good visual acuity, these patients have reduced reading rates. Magnification may not be effective if the text becomes too large to "fit" within the central spared area. (Contains 2 tables…
Descriptors: Visual Impairments, Visual Acuity, Partial Vision, Patients
Dote-Kwan, Jamie; Chen, Deborah – Journal of Visual Impairment & Blindness, 2010
This study examined the temperamental characteristics of 18 toddlers with visual impairments as reported by their Anglo and Latino (Mexican American) parents. Differences in the parents' ratings of the children's temperament were related to the children's level of visual functioning and development. No differences were related to the children's…
Descriptors: Visual Impairments, Mexican Americans, Personality Traits, Toddlers
Gustafsson, Jorgen; Inde, Krister – Journal of Visual Impairment & Blindness, 2009
To increase understanding of the breadth and depth of services that are currently being provided by the various low vision clinics in Scandinavia, the authors sent questionnaires to the 69 clinics asking for information on the total number of staff members employed in full-time positions and the number of staff members by profession (optometrists;…
Descriptors: Visual Impairments, Vision, Visual Acuity, Foreign Countries
Colenbrander, August – Journal of Visual Impairment & Blindness, 2009
This article provides a terminological framework to show the relationships among different types of visual deficits. It distinguishes between visual functions, which describe how the eye and the lower visual system function, and functional vision, which describes how a person functions. When visual functions are disturbed, the term "visual…
Descriptors: Visual Acuity, Optics, Partial Vision, Neurological Impairments
Sunness, Janet S. – Journal of Visual Impairment & Blindness, 2008
Face field evaluation provides insights into the presence and location of the preferred retinal locus, as validated by comparisons with findings from microperimetry. This technique requires no special equipment and can be used in a clinic or at a person's home by clinicians and low vision rehabilitation specialists. (Contains 2 figures and 2…
Descriptors: Partial Vision, Human Body, Visual Acuity, Visual Impairments
Fortuna, Filippo; Barboni, Piero; Liguori, Rocco; Valentino, Maria Lucia; Savini, Giacomo; Gellera, Cinzia; Mariotti, Caterina; Rizzo, Giovanni; Tonon, Caterina; Manners, David; Lodi, Raffaele; Sadun, Alfredo A.; Carelli, Valerio – Brain, 2009
Optic neuropathy is common in mitochondrial disorders, but poorly characterized in Friedreich's ataxia (FRDA), a recessive condition caused by lack of the mitochondrial protein frataxin. We investigated 26 molecularly confirmed FRDA patients by studying both anterior and posterior sections of the visual pathway using a new, integrated approach.…
Descriptors: Visual Impairments, Diseases, Field Tests, Optics
Trevethan, Ceri T.; Sahraie, Arash; Weiskrantz, Larry – Cognition, 2007
DB, the first blindsight case to be tested extensively (Weiskrantz, 1986) has demonstrated the ability to detect and discriminate a range of visual stimuli presented within his perimetrically blind visual field defect. In a temporal two alternative forced choice (2AFC) detection experiment we have investigated the limits of DB's detection ability…
Descriptors: Visual Stimuli, Control Groups, Visual Acuity, Blindness
Puche-Navarro, Rebeca; Millan, Rafael – Research in Developmental Disabilities: A Multidisciplinary Journal, 2007
The current study explores the inferential abilities of visually impaired children in a task presented in two formats, manipulative and verbal. The results showed that in the group of visually impaired children, just as with children with normal sight, there was a wide range of inference types. It was found that the visually impaired children…
Descriptors: Visual Impairments, Inferences, Young Children, Performance
Phenotypical Characteristics of Idiopathic Infantile Nystagmus with and without Mutations in "FRMD7"
Thomas, Shery; Proudlock, Frank A.; Sarvananthan, Nagini; Roberts, Eryl O.; Awan, Musarat; McLean, Rebecca; Surendran, Mylvaganam; Kumar, A. S. Anil; Farooq, Shegufta J.; Degg, Chris; Gale, Richard P.; Reinecke, Robert D.; Woodruff, Geoffrey; Langmann, Andrea; Lindner, Susanne; Jain, Sunila; Tarpey, Patrick; Raymond, F. Lucy; Gottlob, Irene – Brain, 2008
Idiopathic infantile nystagmus (IIN) consists of involuntary oscillations of the eyes. The familial form is most commonly X-linked. We recently found mutations in a novel gene "FRMD7" (Xq26.2), which provided an opportunity to investigate a genetically defined and homogeneous group of patients with nystagmus. We compared clinical features and eye…
Descriptors: Visual Impairments, Eye Movements, Visual Acuity, Depth Perception
