Realistic visualizations are abundantly used in digital education. However, the use of realism is still thought to risk a cognitive overload due to excessive details. Moreover, it is still not precisely known whether there is an optimal level of realism that benefits learners the most. In two experimental studies, different versions of anatomical…

In ancient poetry courses, students are expected to learn literary skills and the ability for interpreting ancient poems, from which they can gain insight into the historical context and appreciate the beauty of the poems. However, due to the gaps between ancient and modern living contexts, students often encounter difficulties in comprehending…