In a previous study, DeLeeuw and Mayer (2008) found support for the triarchic model of cognitive load (Sweller, Van Merriënboer, & Paas, 1998, 2019) by showing that three different metrics could be used to independently measure 3 hypothesized types of cognitive load: intrinsic, extraneous, and germane. However, 2 of the 3 metrics that the…

Using multiple representations of a problem can reveal the relationship between complex concepts by expressing the same mathematical condition differently and can contribute to the meaningful learning of mathematical concepts. The purpose of this study is to assess the performances of mathematics teacher-candidates on trigonometry problems…

Although perceptual information is utilized to judge size or depth, little work has investigated whether such information is used to make memory predictions. The present study examined how the font size of to-be-remembered words influences predicted memory performance. Participants studied words for a free-recall test that varied in font size and…

In two experiments, volunteer subjects were asked to look at words and pictures, with or without an interference task. The results are interpreted to support a theory of a separate but not totally independent pictorial memory system. (Editor)

An experiment is reported in which connective recall, as well as noun recall, was obtained in a pair-associate learning, syntactic facilitation paradigm. Results were interpreted as consistent with the hypothesis that experimenter-supplied verb links facilitate noun pair learning by serving an instructional role, indicating to the subject how a…

A test battery was designed to test the Baddeley and Hitch model of working memory. The battery was administered to 87 children aged 6 and 7 years. Correlations between subtest scores indicated high construct validity for the central executive and phonological loop measures, although not for the visuospatial measures. (Contains 100 references and…

Students watching instructional television become visually oriented to the material presented, learning it by visual rather than verbal association. Yet most tests given to determine student comprehension are verbal. To resolve this inconsistency, the author proposes visual testing, a procedure which he explains and whose usefulness he illustrates…

Studied relationships of categorizing ability to socioeconomic status and strategies used in ability performance for 60 kindergarteners from families at two income levels. Concluded the presence of differences in test results, a similarity in cognitive developments, and a tendency of perceptual focusing in handling tasks. (CC)

This study investigated the effects of distractors on children's task-relevant (central) and task-irrelevant (incidental) recall on a short term visual memory task involving pictures of familiar animals and household articles. The effect of mode of distractor (auditory or visual) and the effect of developmental level were also studied. Subjects…

As part of a series of studies dealing with varieties of interference in sentence learning as assessed by multiple choice tests, a study was undertaken to explore the effects of pictures on inferentially produced interference in recognition memory for sentence information. The subjects were 104 first grade students and 104 fourth, fifth, and sixth…

Because there is a need to measure performance of pupils with complex concepts, the Slide Sorting Task was developed to measure performance on complex concepts of freedom, non-freedom, justice, non-justice. The development of this instrument was presented along with the results of item analyses with several groups of subjects ranging from age…

This study assessed the effects of bizarreness, prompt modality, and prompt type for 144 five and eight year-old children on recognition memory of pictorial pairs. Presentation of stimuli was self-paced, allowing for the collection of study time and response latency data, as well as recording number correct. While both bizarre and nonbizarre forms…