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Costa, H. M.; Nicholson, B.; Donlan, C.; Van Herwegen, J. – Journal of Intellectual Disability Research, 2018
Background: Different domain-specific and domain-general cognitive precursors play a key role in the development of mathematical abilities. The contribution of these domains to mathematical ability changes during development. Primary school-aged children who show mathematical difficulties form a heterogeneous group, but it is not clear whether…
Descriptors: Preschool Children, Mathematics Skills, Low Achievement, Multivariate Analysis
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Lo, S. T.; Collin, P. J. L.; Hokken-Koelega, A. C. S. – Journal of Intellectual Disability Research, 2015
Background: Prader-Willi syndrome (PWS) is characterised by hypotonia, hypogonadism, short stature, obesity, behavioural problems, intellectual disability, and delay in language, social and motor development. There is very limited knowledge about visual-motor integration in children with PWS. Method: Seventy-three children with PWS aged 7-17 years…
Descriptors: Genetic Disorders, Mental Retardation, Perceptual Motor Coordination, Visual Perception
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Capio, C. M.; Mak, T. C. T.; Tse, M. A.; Masters, R. S. W. – Journal of Intellectual Disability Research, 2018
Background: Conclusive evidence supports the importance of fundamental movement skills (FMS) proficiency in promoting physical activity and countering obesity. In children with Down Syndrome (DS), FMS development is delayed, which has been suggested to be associated with balance deficits. This study therefore examined the relationship between FMS…
Descriptors: Down Syndrome, Children, Psychomotor Skills, Physical Disabilities
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Van der Molen, M. J.; Henry, L. A.; Van Luit, J. E. H. – Journal of Intellectual Disability Research, 2014
Background: The purpose of the current cross-sectional study was to examine the developmental progression in working memory (WM) between the ages of 9 and 16 years in a large sample of children with mild to borderline intellectual disabilities (MBID). Baddeley's influential WM model was used as a theoretical framework. Furthermore, the…
Descriptors: Short Term Memory, Mild Mental Retardation, Moderate Mental Retardation, Children
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Lanfranchi, S.; Baddeley, A.; Gathercole, S.; Vianello, R. – Journal of Intellectual Disability Research, 2012
Background: Recent studies have shown that individuals with Down syndrome (DS) are poorer than controls in performing verbal and visuospatial dual tasks. The present study aims at better investigating the dual task deficit in working memory in individuals with DS. Method: Forty-five individuals with DS and 45 typically developing children matched…
Descriptors: Down Syndrome, Short Term Memory, Visual Perception, Spatial Ability
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Maljaars, J. P. W.; Noens, I. L. J.; Scholte, E. M.; Verpoorten, R. A. W.; van Berckelaer-Onnes, I. A. – Journal of Intellectual Disability Research, 2011
Background: The ComFor study has indicated that individuals with intellectual disability (ID) and autism spectrum disorder (ASD) show enhanced visual local processing compared with individuals with ID only. Items of the ComFor with meaningless materials provided the best discrimination between the two samples. These results can be explained by the…
Descriptors: Cognitive Style, Rhetoric, Mental Retardation, Autism
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Isaac, L.; Lincoln, A. – Journal of Intellectual Disability Research, 2011
Background: Williams syndrome (WMS) is a rare genetic disorder with an estimated prevalence of 1 in 20,000 live births. Among other characteristics, WMS has a distinctive cognitive profile with spared face processing and language skills that contrasts with impairment in the cognitive domains of spatial cognition, problem solving and planning. It…
Descriptors: Genetic Disorders, Age, Intelligence Quotient, Visual Perception
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Baker, S.; Hooper, S.; Skinner, M.; Hatton, D.; Schaaf, J.; Ornstein, P.; Bailey, D. – Journal of Intellectual Disability Research, 2011
Background: Working memory problems have been targeted as core deficits in individuals with Fragile X syndrome (FXS); however, there have been few studies that have examined working memory in young boys with FXS, and even fewer studies that have studied the working memory performance of young boys with FXS across different degrees of complexity.…
Descriptors: Short Term Memory, Memorization, Males, Recall (Psychology)
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Menghini, D.; Addona, F.; Costanzo, F.; Vicari, S. – Journal of Intellectual Disability Research, 2010
Background: The present study was aimed at investigating working memory (WM) and executive functions capacities in individuals with Williams syndrome (WS) as compared with mental-age matched typically developing (TD) children. Method: In order to serve the study goal, a sizeable battery of tasks tapping WM as well as attention, memory, planning,…
Descriptors: Mental Retardation, Inhibition, Short Term Memory, Cognitive Development
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Patel, S. K.; Mullins, W. A.; O'Neil, S. H.; Wilson, K. – Journal of Intellectual Disability Research, 2011
Background: The purpose of this study is to evaluate the relationship between brain tumour location and core areas of cognitive and behavioural functioning for paediatric brain tumour survivors. The extant literature both supports and refutes an association between paediatric brain tumour location and neurocognitive outcomes. We examined…
Descriptors: Intelligence, Academic Achievement, Radiology, Short Term Memory
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Munoz-Ruata, J.; Caro-Martinez, E.; Perez, L. Martinez; Borja, M. – Journal of Intellectual Disability Research, 2010
Background: Perception disorders are frequently observed in persons with intellectual disability (ID) and their influence on cognition has been discussed. The objective of this study is to clarify the mechanisms behind these alterations by analysing the visual event related potentials early component, the N1 wave, which is related to perception…
Descriptors: Semantics, Mental Retardation, Learning Disabilities, Intelligence Quotient
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Frenkel, S.; Bourdin, B. – Journal of Intellectual Disability Research, 2009
Background: It is recognized that individuals with Down's syndrome have a specific deficit in verbal short-term memory. On the other hand, non-verbal short-term memory seems to be preserved or even be a strong point for these persons. Nevertheless, the extent and specificity of the deficit must be determined. To do so, we carried out a research…
Descriptors: Comparative Analysis, Adolescents, Short Term Memory, Memorization
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Jacobson, C.; Shearer, J.; Habel, A.; Kane, F.; Tsakanikos, E.; Kravariti, E. – Journal of Intellectual Disability Research, 2010
Background: The 22q11.2 deletion syndrome (22qDS) confers high risk for intellectual disability and neuropsychological/academic impairment, although a minority of patients show average intelligence. Intellectual heterogeneity and the high prevalence of psychiatric diagnoses in earlier studies may have obscured the prototypical neuropsychological…
Descriptors: Reading Comprehension, Reading Difficulties, Intelligence, Mental Retardation
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Key, A. P. F.; Dykens, E. M. – Journal of Intellectual Disability Research, 2008
Background: Prader-Willi syndrome (PWS) is a genetic disorder associated with intellectual disabilities, compulsivity, hyperphagia and increased risks of life-threatening obesity. Food preferences in people with PWS are well documented, but research has yet to focus on other properties of food in PWS, including composition and suitability for…
Descriptors: Individual Differences, Obesity, Mental Retardation, Genetics
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Kogan, C. S.; Boutet, I.; Cornish, K.; Graham, G. E.; Berry-Kravis, E.; Drouin, A.; Milgram, N. W. – Journal of Intellectual Disability Research, 2009
Background: Standardised neuropsychological and cognitive measures present some limitations in their applicability and generalisability to individuals with intellectual disability (ID). Alternative approaches to defining the cognitive signatures of various forms of ID are needed to advance our understanding of the profiles of strengths and…
Descriptors: Mental Retardation, Down Syndrome, Short Term Memory, Recognition (Psychology)
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