Spatial aptitude tests designed for elementary school children were given to third-grade students from both suburban and rural schools in Pennsylvania. Results were scrutinized by the declared favorite subjects of the participants and organized by gender. Students who preferred science and mathematics did better on spatial tests than students who…

Elementary and middle school children (n=105) completed measures of reading achievement and cognitive abilities. Factor analysis produced three empirically and theoretically derived factors, auditory processing, visual processing/speed, and memory. Together the three factors combined predicted 61 to 85% of the variance associated with different…

This paper reviews two studies of color preference and the relationships between color and legibility. The Gustin study in 1991 dealt with the legibility of and preference for projected slides with colored backgrounds and white text. The order of background color preference was cyan, blue, green, yellow, magenta, and red. The follow-up study by…

One possible explanation of the differences between blind and sighted persons (McKinney, 1964; Attneave & Benson, 1969; Warren, 1970) is that vision is the primary spatial reference, and inputs from other modalities are fitted to a visual map. Several criticisms of this theory are adduced. (Editor/RK)

This study identified new methodological variables which might affect the responses of second and third grade children to Piagetian conservation tasks. (GO)

Reports three experiments in infant visual perception which studied the processes underlying infants' shifts of fixation from one object to another. (JMB)

Differences in the rates of visual information-processing in 8- and 10-year-old reflective and impulsive children were measured. (JMB)

Metacontrast has been the subject of two neural network simulations by Weisstein and Bridgeman. This article compared and elaborated on the two models, corrected flaws not inherent in the models' conceptualizations, and discussed the remaining shortcomings. (Editor/RK)

The effectiveness of delayed static and dynamic visual feedback is assessed through blind maze tracing tasks. (JS)

Confirmed that the superiority of 33 good visualizers over 30 poor visualizers in spelling performance would be more pronounced for "v" words than for "p" words. (RB)

The manual was intended to help school personnel (either an educator of the visually handicapped and/or a certified orientation and mobility instructor) evaluate the functional use of residual vision. The manual is organized in three major sections, which cover the following: (1) the general areas addressed in functional vision evaluation (such as…

This fact sheet defines vision, outlines the visual skills needed for school achievement (ocular motility, binocularity, eye-hand coordination skills, and visual form perception), and describes how visual problems are evaluated and treated. The fact sheet also lists clues to look for when a visual problem is suspected, including the appearance of…