NotesFAQContact Us
Collection
Advanced
Search Tips
Showing all 8 results Save | Export
Corporal Punishment and Elevated Neural Response to Threat in Children
Peer reviewed Peer reviewed
Direct linkDirect link
Cuartas, Jorge; Weissman, David G.; Sheridan, Margaret A.; Lengua, Liliana; McLaughlin, Katie A. – Child Development, 2021
Spanking remains common around the world, despite evidence linking corporal punishment to detrimental child outcomes. This study tested whether children (M[subscript age] = 11.60) who were spanked (N = 40) exhibited altered neural function in response to stimuli that suggest the presence of an environmental threat compared to children who were not…
Descriptors: Punishment, Child Development, Neurological Organization, Brain Hemisphere Functions
Basolateral Amygdala Projections to Ventral Hippocampus Modulate the Consolidation of Footshock, but Not Contextual, Learning in Rats
Peer reviewed Peer reviewed
Direct linkDirect link
Huff, Mary L.; Emmons, Eric B.; Narayanan, Nandakumar S.; LaLumiere, Ryan T. – Learning & Memory, 2016
The basolateral amygdala (BLA) modulates memory consolidation for a variety of types of learning, whereas other brain regions play more selective roles in specific kinds of learning suggesting a role for differential consolidation via distinct BLA pathways. The ventral hippocampus (VH), an efferent target of the BLA, has been suggested to…
Descriptors: Memory, Learning Processes, Brain Hemisphere Functions, Animals
Altered Dynamics of the fMRI Response to Faces in Individuals with Autism
Peer reviewed Peer reviewed
Direct linkDirect link
Kleinhans, Natalia M.; Richards, Todd; Greenson, Jessica; Dawson, Geraldine; Aylward, Elizabeth – Journal of Autism and Developmental Disorders, 2016
Abnormal fMRI habituation in autism spectrum disorders (ASDs) has been proposed as a critical component in social impairment. This study investigated habituation to fearful faces and houses in ASD and whether fMRI measures of brain activity discriminate between ASD and typically developing (TD) controls. Two identical fMRI runs presenting masked…
Descriptors: Autism, Pervasive Developmental Disorders, Antisocial Behavior, Human Body
Valence Scaling of Dynamic Facial Expressions Is Altered in High-Functioning Subjects with Autism Spectrum Disorders: An FMRI Study
Peer reviewed Peer reviewed
Direct linkDirect link
Rahko, Jukka S.; Paakki, Jyri-Johan; Starck, Tuomo H.; Nikkinen, Juha; Pauls, David L.; Katsyri, Jari V.; Jansson-Verkasalo, Eira M.; Carter, Alice S.; Hurtig, Tuula M.; Mattila, Marja-Leena; Jussila, Katja K.; Remes, Jukka J.; Kuusikko-Gauffin, Sanna A.; Sams, Mikko E.; Bolte, Sven; Ebeling, Hanna E.; Moilanen, Irma K.; Tervonen, Osmo; Kiviniemi, Vesa – Journal of Autism and Developmental Disorders, 2012
FMRI was performed with the dynamic facial expressions fear and happiness. This was done to detect differences in valence processing between 25 subjects with autism spectrum disorders (ASDs) and 27 typically developing controls. Valence scaling was abnormal in ASDs. Positive valence induces lower deactivation and abnormally strong activity in ASD…
Descriptors: Autism, Scaling, Diagnostic Tests, Pervasive Developmental Disorders
Attentional Modulation of Visual-Evoked Potentials by Threat: Investigating the Effect of Evolutionary Relevance
Peer reviewed Peer reviewed
Direct linkDirect link
Brown, Christopher; El-Deredy, Wael; Blanchette, Isabelle – Brain and Cognition, 2010
In dot-probe tasks, threatening cues facilitate attention to targets and enhance the amplitude of the target P1 peak of the visual-evoked potential. While theories have suggested that evolutionarily relevant threats should obtain preferential neural processing, this has not been examined empirically. In this study we examined the effects of…
Descriptors: Cues, Diagnostic Tests, Attention, Cognitive Processes
Visual Search for Basic Emotional Expressions in Autism; Impaired Processing of Anger, Fear and Sadness, but a Typical Happy Face Advantage
Peer reviewed Peer reviewed
Direct linkDirect link
Farran, Emily K.; Branson, Amanda; King, Ben J. – Research in Autism Spectrum Disorders, 2011
Facial expression recognition was investigated in 20 males with high functioning autism (HFA) or Asperger syndrome (AS), compared to typically developing individuals matched for chronological age (TD CA group) and verbal and non-verbal ability (TD V/NV group). This was the first study to employ a visual search, "face in the crowd" paradigm with a…
Descriptors: Age, Nonverbal Communication, Autism, Asperger Syndrome
Frontal Brain Electrical Activity (EEG) and Heart Rate in Response to Affective Infant-Directed (ID) Speech in 9-Month-Old Infants
Peer reviewed Peer reviewed
Direct linkDirect link
Santesso, Diane L.; Schmidt, Louis A.; Trainor, Laurel J. – Brain and Cognition, 2007
Many studies have shown that infants prefer infant-directed (ID) speech to adult-directed (AD) speech. ID speech functions to aid language learning, obtain and/or maintain an infant's attention, and create emotional communication between the infant and caregiver. We examined psychophysiological responses to ID speech that varied in affective…
Descriptors: Metabolism, Visual Stimuli, Medicine, Intimacy
Differential Activation of the Amygdala and the "Social Brain" during Fearful Face-Processing in Asperger Syndrome
Peer reviewed Peer reviewed
Direct linkDirect link
Ashwin, Chris; Baron-Cohen, Simon; Wheelwright, Sally; O'Riordan, Michelle; Bullmore, Edward T. – Neuropsychologia, 2007
Impaired social cognition is a core feature of autism. There is much evidence showing people with autism use a different cognitive style than controls for face-processing. We tested if people with autism would show differential activation of social brain areas during a face-processing task. Thirteen adults with high-functioning autism or Asperger…
Descriptors: Control Groups, Cognitive Style, Autism, Asperger Syndrome