In this study the authors investigated whether children demonstrated the "underconfidence-with-practice" (UWP) effect. This effect is a highly robust metacognitive illusion in which adults become underconfident in their memory performance when asked to predict their memory for the same items across multiple study-test trials. One…

Current debate in mental imagery research revolves around the perceptual and cognitive role of eye movements to "nothing" (Ferreira, Apel, & Henderson, 2008; Richardson, Altmann, Spivey, & Hoover, 2009). While it is established that eye movements are comparable when inspecting a scene (or hearing a scene description) as when…

Adults and children (5- and 8-year-olds) performed a temporal bisection task with either auditory or visual signals and either a short (0.5-1.0s) or long (4.0-8.0s) duration range. Their working memory and attentional capacities were assessed by a series of neuropsychological tests administered in both the auditory and visual modalities. Results…

A recall paradigm tested twenty-four 5-year-olds and twenty-four adults on short-term recognition memory for briefly presented visual information. Results indicate that processes other than verbal labeling are probably more responsible for age differences in immediate memory performance than labeling. (JH)

Reports four experiments in which infants' recognition memory (defined by novelty preferences) was found to be improved by providing five- to seven-month-old infants with discriminable but related targets during the familiarization period. Facilitation of recognition was found for both photographs of faces and abstract patterns. (JMB)

This study examined (1) whether subjects of different ages tend to rely on different kinds of visual information when given a choice; and (2) whether the ability to use spatial and identity information accurately in a recognition task changes developmentally. (Author/SB)

This study investigated 17-week-old infants' response to discrepancy in visual patterns as a function of rate of habituation. (BRT)

In a visual memory task, two degrees of stimulus detail were compared to test Reese's hypothesis that stimulus detail would facilitate retention of paired associates for young children. Forty 4-year-olds and forty 5-year-olds were tested to assess reported trend that elaboration facilitates retention for older children. (JH)

Tested whether a verbal description given before or after presentation of a picture effected visual processing and/or memory. (SB)

The findings of this study indicated that induced imagery facilitated correct shape reproduction in 8-year-olds better than induced verbalization. (JMB)

This experiment was designed to determine whether children's inability to discriminate mirror-image oblique lines is a function of encoding in memory the left-right orientation or the degree of slope of an oblique line. (Author/SB)

The ability to recall and organize actions was studied in a sample of 80 children ranging in age from 5 to 11 years. Eight different auditory or visual commands were successively presented for 10 trials in each modality in a free-recall task. (Author/JMB)

Young children's iconic storage is longer than that of older children and adults but young children process the information in iconic storage relatively slowly. (Authors)

Kindergarteners and second-graders were shown pairs of pictures, one picture at a time, and asked to name each picture as rapidly and as accurately as possible. Pictures pairs were of four types which reflected the factorial combination of associative relatedness (high and low) with categorial relatedness (high and low). (SB)