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The Hare and the Tortoise: Emphasizing Speed Can Change the Evidence Used to Make Decisions
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Rae, Babette; Heathcote, Andrew; Donkin, Chris; Averell, Lee; Brown, Scott – Journal of Experimental Psychology: Learning, Memory, and Cognition, 2014
Decision-makers effortlessly balance the need for urgency against the need for caution. Theoretical and neurophysiological accounts have explained this tradeoff solely in terms of the "quantity" of evidence required to trigger a decision (the "threshold"). This explanation has also been used as a benchmark test for evaluating…
Descriptors: Decision Making Skills, Reaction Time, Evidence, Accuracy
Stimulus Type, Level of Categorization, and Spatial-Frequencies Utilization: Implications for Perceptual Categorization Hierarchies
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Harel, Assaf; Bentin, Shlomo – Journal of Experimental Psychology: Human Perception and Performance, 2009
The type of visual information needed for categorizing faces and nonface objects was investigated by manipulating spatial frequency scales available in the image during a category verification task addressing basic and subordinate levels. Spatial filtering had opposite effects on faces and airplanes that were modulated by categorization level. The…
Descriptors: Classification, Cognitive Processes, Spatial Ability, Visual Perception
Response Inhibition in Motor and Oculomotor Conflict Tasks: Different Mechanisms, Different Dynamics?
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Wijnen, Jasper G.; Ridderinkhof, K. Richard – Brain and Cognition, 2007
Previous research has shown that the appearance of task-irrelevant abrupt onsets influences saccadic eye movements during visual search and may slow down manual reactions to target stimuli. Analysis of reaction time distributions in the present study offers evidence suggesting that top-down inhibition processes actively suppress oculomotor or…
Descriptors: Reaction Time, Inhibition, Conflict, Eye Movements
Recognition by Humans and Pigeons of Novel Views of 3-D Objects and Their Photographs
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Friedman, Alinda; Spetch, Marcia L.; Ferrey, Anne – Journal of Experimental Psychology: General, 2005
Humans and pigeons were trained to discriminate between 2 views of actual 3-D objects or their photographs. They were tested on novel views that were either within the closest rotational distance between the training views (interpolated) or outside of that range (extrapolated). When training views were 60? apart, pigeons, but not humans,…
Descriptors: Photography, Perception Tests, Visual Perception, Animals
Methodological Issues in the Study of Age Differences in Infants' Attention to Stimuli Varying in Movement and Complexity.
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Ames, Elinor W.; Silfen, Carole K. – 1965
Pioneering research has shown that infants are capable of perceptual discrimination and has provided some indication of the nature of the discrimination; that is, what stimuli are differentiable. Studies have demonstrated that significant effects exist, in stimulus-pair comparisons, for age of infant, speed of movement of stimulus during…
Descriptors: Age Differences, Child Development, Cognitive Development, Eye Fixations
The Effect of the Form Complexity of Television on the Identification/Recognition Process.
White, Sylvia E. – 1983
To measure how the complexity of a television image affects the viewer's ability to identify or recognize visual details within the image, two coders rated the form complexity of 30 public service announcements, basing their evaluation on the familiarity of the images in the announcements, the rate at which they presented new information, and the…
Descriptors: Behavioral Science Research, Cognitive Processes, College Students, Perception Tests