Utilizing a longitudinal sample of Finnish children (ages 6-10), two studies examined how early linguistic (spoken vs. written) and spatial skills predict later development of arithmetic, and whether counting sequence knowledge mediates these associations. In Study 1 (N = 1,880), letter knowledge and spatial visualization, measured in…

Distance estimates of locations in a camp setting were obtained from 9- and 10-year-olds and adults. Each subject estimated distance on two tasks: magnitude estimation and reconstruction. Data were analyzed for the effects of certain environmental features such as buildings, trees, and hills. (JMB)

This study was undertaken to investigate (1) the findings of an exploratory study in which the Luquet-Piaget sequence of drawing was tentatively confirmed in children's drawings of a house with a tree behind it, (2) the relationship of house-tree task with selected Piagetian and two psychometric measures, and (3) synchronous development among…

Plomin and Foch's conclusion that sex differences in cognition account for very little of the total variability in test scores is challenged by demonstrating that on a complex test of spatial visualization the difference between males and females accounts for a quite substantial portion of variability. (Author)

The visual short-term cued recall memory of 8-, 12-, and 16-month-olds was assessed in two experiments using an operant indirect delayed-reaction procedure. In each experiment, 12- and 16-month olds performed better than chance, whereas 8-month-old infants did not. (Author/DB)

Clarifies some of the conditions under which verbal processes facilitate or inhibit learning of visual stimuli. (Author/AJ)

An investigation of Hollanberg's contention that increased visual imagery is detrimental to concept acquisition. Subjects were 48 second grade children. (SDH)

The dependence of immediate, short-term and long-term reproductive memory on operative understanding was studied in elementary school students. Results are interpreted in terms of Piaget's theory. (ST)

Two experiments examined the influence of a delay between learning and reproducing locations on 7-, 9- and 11-year-old children's memory for location. Findings indicated that bias toward category centers when replacing objects in their original locations increased following an intervening delay, as predicted by the Category-Adjustment model, with…

Results showed that instructions significantly increased recognition accuracy. (Author/MB)

Matched groups of normal and retarded readers were required to perform same/difference judgments in which the interval between standard and comparison stimuli was either 0, 1, or 6 seconds. (BRT)

Intellectual realism was investigated by using as a model a cup with the defining feature (the handle) not visible, and a nondefining feature (a painted flower) visible. (Authors/MB)

The role of motor activity in children's formation of dynamic mental imagery was investigated in 2 experiments using a paired-associate recognition task. (Authors)

Two studies of visual recognition memory in infants demonstrated 9-month-olds had greater retention ability than 6-month-olds. Six-month-old infants had difficulty recognizing stimuli over short delays, even when distractors were absent. Results are discussed in terms of memory changes possibly occurring at 9 months. (Author/DB)

Six experiments assessed young children's spatial orientation relative to their imagined surroundings. The experiments found that children as young as 3.5 years were able, like adults, to accurately walk along a path that replicated the route between their seat and the teacher's desk in their preschool classroom. (MDM)