We evaluated over 200 participants semiannually from 12 to 48 months of age on measures of intellectual (Bayley Scales, Stanford-Binet Scale) and verbal (MacArthur-Bates Inventory, Peabody Picture Vocabulary Test) status. Structural equation modeling and hierarchical linear (growth curve) analyses were applied to address the nature of development…

The cognitive reserve hypothesis helps to explain the incomplete relationship between brain disease and cognitive status in people with neurologic diseases, including Alzheimer's; disease and multiple sclerosis. Lifetime intellectual enrichment (estimated with education or vocabulary knowledge) lessens the negative impact of brain disease on…

THE OBJECTIVE WAS TO TEST TWO HYPOTHESES--(1) DAY CLASS TRAINING WOULD PRODUCE DESIRABLE CHANGES IN THE BEHAVIOR OF THE TRAINABLE MENTALLY RETARDED CHILDREN OVER AND ABOVE THOSE WHICH RESULT WHEN THE CHILD REMAINS AT HOME AND HAS NO TRAINING IN A SCHOOL SETTING, AND (2) SCHOOL PLACEMENT OF SUCH CHILDREN WOULD PRODUCE DESIRABLE CHANGES IN THE HOME…

Found no correlations between types of play behavior and speech measures, that identification of objects upon verbal request was not related to any type of play behavior, and that comprehension of verbal requests for functional or representational play was positively correlated with the display of such play. Journal availability: J. B. Lippincott…

TO ORGANIZE A NEW CURRICULUM FOR THE STUDY OF SOCIAL SCIENCES A 1-YEAR PROGRAM WAS INSTITUTED TO STUDY THE EFFECTS OF AN INTEGRATED HISTORICAL-GEOGRAPHICAL APPROACH. GROUPS AT THE FOURTH-, SIXTH-, AND EIGHTH-GRADE LEVELS WERE USED. THE OBJECTIVE DATA WERE GATHERED FROM THE IOWA WORK STUDY SKILLS AND THE SEQUENTIAL TESTS OF EDUCATIONAL PROGRESS,…

This article discusses a study designed to determine the order of acquisition of the two expressions "in front of" and "behind," using two featureless objects. (CFM)

To produce and evaluate a language development program for culturally deprived preschool children based on characteristics of Piaget's theory of intelligence, a 6-week experimental study was carried out in Project Headstart, Starkville, Mississippi. Randomly-selected, 45 Negro Headstart enrollees made up three groups--two were taught the…

A phenomenon called "pragmatic variation" is discussed as a child's individual system of behavior in response to a question the child doesn't understand but realizes that he must verbalize an answer to. (NCR)

In testing kindergartners and first graders in their comprehension of the words "before" and "after," it was found that when temporal terms are acquired, they are first used as prepositions and then as subordinating conjunctions. (Author/NCR)

Preschool children's comprehension of the adverbial modifiers "very" and "sort of" was experimentally investigated in 64 children. (Author/NCR)

This experiment used two groups of preschoolers and one group of young grade-schoolers to test for their comprehension of presuppositions and negation in complex syntax. (NCR)

This study investigated preschool children's understanding of the words "know" and "guess." Subjects for the study were 48 male and female preschool children ranging in age from 3.6 to 6.6 years. The children were divided into three age groups representing one year intervals. The task for the study involved a "guessing" game in which a colored…

Suggests categorization of words as an alternative to traditional word study. (MKM)