Compared with England, where new implementations and programmes in the education system are often introduced at a striking pace, the German education system seems to be rather stable in its features and less dynamic in terms of reform and change. Hence, a phenomenon called "reform bottleneck" ("Reformstau") has often been…

This article explores the notion of the duality principle, as embodied in the German dual system of Vocational Education and Training (VET), within the context of a field survey of skill shortages faced by German and Indian firms operating in India. The study finds that these firms experience problems with the quantity and quality of skills…

Korea's developmental skill formation system was shaped in the 1970s by the Korean developmental state that proactively sought rapid Heavy and Chemical Industrialisation as the nation's overarching goal. Vocational education at the upper secondary level and post-school in-company training in particular were strategically nurtured and closely…

Over the last decades educational researchers and politicians have shown a growing interest in the concept of learning in practice, i.e. learning in the workplace. Learning in practice plays an important role in connection with lifelong learning, as the workplace is an obvious setting for realizing this aim. Theories about learning in practice…

The focus in recent studies of workplace learning has been on "communities of practice" and the ways that learning is shaped by such communities. In the process, there has been a downplaying of the importance of broader institutional arrangements, including the impact of organisational structures and management practice, as well as…

The German apprenticeship system results in a high proportion of skilled personnel and, therefore, is a major factor in Germany's productivity achievement and competitiveness. It also provides a smooth transition from school to work, low unemployment, and integration of school leavers into the apprenticeship system. (JOW)

Describes the locus of learning concept formulated by the German Education Council in the 1970s. Argues that research on the place of learning is one of the core topics of research on vocational education. Explores concept of learning at work. Points out desiderata and perspectives on research on learning places. (CAJ)

Explores the theoretical foundations of the effort to integrate education into industrial companies during the twentieth century. Analyzes the historical building blocks of vocational education through both theory and practice. Discusses the company-internal further education pedagogy of the 1980s. (CAJ)

This study of the vocational training system in the Federal Republic of Germany was conducted by the European Centre for the Development of Vocational Training through site visits, seminars, research papers, and discussion. The study found that the majority of young people in the Federal Republic of Germany (currently 1.8 million) receive their…

A case study approach was used to examine various models of technical and further education (TAFE) accredited training, with particular focus on comparative costs and student satisfaction. Literature on costing and satisfaction was reviewed. Case studies were drawn from the retail, hospitality, and automotive industries. Two comparable courses…

This guide is designed to orient vocational education and training (VET) providers and adult educators to one approach to work-based learning in small business training and development used in Australia. Chapter 1, "About this Guide" (Merilyn Childs), provides an overview of the key players and conceptual frameworks involved in the small…

Based on an explorative study of sectoral training systems, this paper looks at the opportunities and limitations of a sectoral approach to training from the perspective of the knowledge economy. After the definition of the sector concept, the paper presents a theoretical analysis of the main elements and processes of sectoral training systems,…

The German education system is the responsibility of the 16 federal states. The federal government plays the leading role in regularizing the on-the-job section of occupational training in the dual system. Other forms of occupational training are full-time vocational schools and further full-time vocational training schools. The on-the-job part of…

A project investigated the integration of key competencies into workplace training in Australia. Part 1 of the project researched the work of personnel engaged in on-the-job training (OJT) curriculum development in five industries to find out how key competencies were being incorporated into OJT curricula and to suggest models to guide this…

This paper, on the returns on investment (ROI) in training, introduces some practical examples for enterprises or organizations wanting to find out whether the money they have spent or intend to spend on training is necessary. It provides strategies for researchers who would like to undertake research in this area. The paper begins by examining…