This study examined cross-level interactions between personal goals and classroom goal structures, as well as their additive contributions to predicting math achievement, engagement, interest, effort withdrawal, and avoidance coping, using a sample of 3,943 Grade 5 students from 130 classrooms. Results of hierarchical linear modeling showed that…

Withdrawn, depressive preschoolers need special attention and help from teachers, who should understand the child's urgent need to be in control and feelings of anger. (CL)

Socially withdrawn preschoolers can be encouraged to interact with peers by appointing them as classroom managers. Such an approach can be used within the existing classroom structure and requires no major changes in teacher or student practices. (CL)

The role of speech in child development is examined, reasons for lack of speech in school are suggested (including anxiety, shock, overprotection, abuse, or anger), and four recommendations for teacher action are offered (including having empathy and encouraging other means of communication). (CL)

An art-teacher therapist discusses six principles she uses in working with disturbed children (such as consistency of management and clearly defined expectations and limits), and cites two examples of how an art project can help children develop trust and lessen their withdrawal. (CL)

This paper reviews the literature regarding social withdrawal in childhood. Consideration is offered of the significance of the problem as an entity and as it is related to other patterns of maladaptive behavior. Behavior therapy classroom procedures which have proven effective in remediating social withdrawal are critically reviewed. (Author)

Teachers are urged to view children with emotional disturbances as exhibiting behaviors that are either reactions to stress or the result of socialization experiences. Suggestions are given for coping with extremes of behavior, aggression and withdrawal, both of which may have multiple sources. (CL)

Passivity in learning disabled children is identified as either inborn or as "learned helplessness," and the role of the teacher in overcoming passivity is noted. Teachers can help students understand themselves, become active agents in learning, and use self monitoring devices. (CL)

The two articles explore the characteristics of the withdrawn and the aggressive child and suggest management techniques for classroom teachers. (PHR)

Naltrexone hydrochloride was administered to an autistic mentally retarded male, age 14, to investigate the endogenous opiate release theory of self-injurious behavior (SIB). Results yielded a marked decrease in SIB and increased social relatedness during two phases of drug treatment. SIB did not revert to original placebo levels during a second…

Teachers can encourage the quiet child (who may have oral communication apprehension) by providing verbal feedback and encouragement, rearranging the classroom to increase positive verbal interaction, and directly asking students questions. (Author/CB)

Interviews mothers about their preschool children's temperamental characteristics, mild behavior problems, and family interactions. There was little evidence for a relationship between active and either mild behavior problems or family interactions. Moody/intense scores were associated with mild behavior problems and 'negative' family interactions…

Prevention of teenage suicide and coping with it when it occurs is an increasing concern for middle-level principals. This article focuses on specific implications of the youth suicide problem for middle-level principals with considerations for other principals as well. (Author/TE)

A structured coaching strategy was effectively used with three day-care teachers, resulting in (1) substantial increases in delivery of behavioral support of social interactions of children with developmental disabilities; and (2) marked increases in positive interactions of socially withdrawn children. Long-term maintenance effects were also…

The need for educating teachers to identify depression in children is established, and an inservice training course to develop awareness of student characteristics is outlined. A review of the literature points out that many withdrawn and fearful children are often overlooked in the classroom. Characteristics of withdrawal, depression, and other…