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"Ain't I a Woman, Too?": Tracing the Experiences of African American Women in Graduate School.
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Schwartz, Robert A.; Bower, Beverly L.; Rice, Diana C.; Washington, Charles M. – Journal of Negro Education, 2003
Examined the experiences of African American women pursuing graduate degrees in education over 10 years. Survey and focus group data showed very little difference between women who had graduated and those still in school. Women faced challenges in deciding whether or not to attend graduate school and dealing with racism. Respondents were…
Descriptors: Black Students, College Students, Females, Graduate Study
Lessons from the Past: Women in Higher Education Leadership in the Depression Years.
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Schwartz, Robert A. – Initiatives, 1997
Chronicles the emergence of deans of women with emphasis on the growth of the profession in the 1930s in spite of economic hardships. Deans of women set the standards for professionalism in student services by establishing graduate training, research, a professional literature, and a model of service to others. (EMK)
Descriptors: Deans of Students, Females, Higher Education, Professional Education
How Deans of Women Became Men.
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Schwartz, Robert A. – Review of Higher Education, 1997
Early deans of women in American higher education shaped the profession of student affairs and college administration through commitment to research, student contact, and strong belief in the worth of women to higher education and of higher education to women. Over time, deans of women lost their positions as deans of students, almost always men,…
Descriptors: Administrator Characteristics, Administrator Role, College Administration, Deans
Predicting Academic Success and Retention for African American Women in College.
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Schwartz, Robert A.; Washington, Charles M. – Journal of College Student Retention, 1999
A study examined the academic success and retention of 213 first-year female African-American students at a historically black, private, liberal arts college in the Southeast. The women were surveyed concerning their preparation and readiness for college during their first weeks on campus, and responses were compared with actual academic…
Descriptors: Academic Achievement, Academic Persistence, Black Colleges, Black Students
Reconceptualizing the Leadership Roles of Women in Higher Education: A Brief History on the Importance of Deans of Women.
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Schwartz, Robert A. – 1996
This paper chronicles the history and many achievements of the deans of women at American colleges and universities in order to celebrate their contributions to academic life. The struggles and accomplishments of the early deans of women, and the creation of the position of dean of men which followed are described. While the deans of men resisted…
Descriptors: Administrator Role, Deans of Students, Educational History, Higher Education
Managing Stress among Adult Women Students in Community Colleges.
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Johnson, Lorraine G.; Schwartz, Robert A.; Bower, Beverly L. – Community College Journal of Research and Practice, 2000
An extensive review of the literature and a campus-based study found high levels of stress resulting from parenting, financial, age and health concerns for adult women students enrolled at community colleges. Presents recommendations and suggestions to help: day care, orientation, academic and financial aid advising, peer advisers, healthy…
Descriptors: Academic Persistence, Adult Students, Community Colleges, Counseling Services