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The Interaction of Lexical Semantics and Cohort Competition in Spoken Word Recognition: An fMRI Study
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Zhuang, Jie; Randall, Billi; Stamatakis, Emmanuel A.; Marslen-Wilson, William D.; Tyler, Lorraine K. – Journal of Cognitive Neuroscience, 2011
Spoken word recognition involves the activation of multiple word candidates on the basis of the initial speech input--the "cohort"--and selection among these competitors. Selection may be driven primarily by bottom-up acoustic-phonetic inputs or it may be modulated by other aspects of lexical representation, such as a word's meaning…
Descriptors: Word Recognition, Language Processing, Semantics, Brain Hemisphere Functions
Left Inferior Frontal Cortex and Syntax: Function, Structure and Behaviour in Patients with Left Hemisphere Damage
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Tyler, Lorraine K.; Marslen-Wilson, William D.; Randall, Billi; Wright, Paul; Devereux, Barry J.; Zhuang, Jie; Papoutsi, Marina; Stamatakis, Emmanuel A. – Brain, 2011
For the past 150 years, neurobiological models of language have debated the role of key brain regions in language function. One consistently debated set of issues concern the role of the left inferior frontal gyrus in syntactic processing. Here we combine measures of functional activity, grey matter integrity and performance in patients with left…
Descriptors: Sentences, Brain Hemisphere Functions, Syntax, Integrity
Modelling the Effects of Semantic Ambiguity in Word Recognition
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Rodd, Jennifer M.; Gaskell, M. Gareth; Marslen-Wilson, William D. – Cognitive Science, 2004
Most words in English are ambiguous between different interpretations; words can mean different things in different contexts. We investigate the implications of different types of semantic ambiguity for connectionist models of word recognition. We present a model in which there is competition to activate distributed semantic representations. The…
Descriptors: Semantics, Word Recognition, Figurative Language, English
Morphological and Semantic Effects in Visual Word Recognition: A Time-Course Study.
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Rastle, Kathleen; Davis, Matt H.; Marslen-Wilson, William D.; Tyler, Lorraine K. – Language and Cognitive Processes, 2000
Reports two sets of lexical priming experiments in which the morphological, semantic, and orthographic relationships between primes and targets are varied in three SOA conditions. Results showed that morphological structure plays a significant role in early visual recognition of English words that is independent of both semantic and orthographic…
Descriptors: Cognitive Processes, Cues, English, Language Processing
Children's Processing of Spoken Language.
Tyler, Lrraine Komisarjevsky; Marslen-Wilson, William D. – Journal of Verbal Learning and Verbal Behavior, 1981
Discusses three experiments investigating the development of word-by-word comprehension in 5-, 7-, and 10-year olds. Subjects monitored for target words in a sentence. Variable included types of monitoring tasks and distribution and context of target words. Results are discussed in terms of the types of comprehension processes various tasks…
Descriptors: Children, Context Clues, Language Processing, Language Research
Neural Responses to Morphological, Syntactic, and Semantic Properties of Single Words: An fMRI Study
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Davis, Matthew H.; Meunier, Fanny; Marslen-Wilson, William D. – Brain and Language, 2004
Dissociations in the recognition of specific classes of words have been documented in brain-injured populations. These include deficits in the recognition and production of morphologically complex words as well as impairments specific to particular syntactic classes such as verbs. However, functional imaging evidence for distinctions among the…
Descriptors: Verbs, Semantics, Nouns, Head Injuries