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Perea, Manuel; Dunabeitia, Jon Andoni; Carreiras, Manuel – Journal of Experimental Psychology: Human Perception and Performance, 2008
Letter identities and number identities are usually thought to imply different cortical mechanisms. Specifically, the left fusiform gyrus responds more to letters than to digits (T. A. Polk et al., 2002). However, a widely circulated statement on the internet illustrates that it is possible to use numbers (leet digits) as parts of words, 4ND TH3…
Descriptors: Language Processing, Alphabets, Numbers, Word Recognition
Johnson, Rebecca L.; Perea, Manuel; Rayner, Keith – Journal of Experimental Psychology: Human Perception and Performance, 2007
Three eye movement experiments were conducted to examine the role of letter identity and letter position during reading. Before fixating on a target word within each sentence, readers were provided with a parafoveal preview that differed in the amount of useful letter identity and letter position information it provided. In Experiments 1 and 2,…
Descriptors: Human Body, Silent Reading, Eye Movements, Word Recognition
Grainger, Jonathan; Granier, Jean-Pierre; Farioli, Fernand; Van Assche, Eva; van Heuven, Walter J. B. – Journal of Experimental Psychology: Human Perception and Performance, 2006
Six experiments apply the masked priming paradigm to investigate how letter position information is computed during printed word perception. Primes formed by a subset of the target's letters facilitated target recognition as long as the relative position of letters was respected across prime and target (e.g., "arict" vs. "acirt" as primes for the…
Descriptors: Word Recognition, Experimental Psychology, Alphabets, Visual Perception

Staller, Joshua D.; Lappin, Joseph S. – Journal of Experimental Psychology: Human Perception and Performance, 1981
In three experiments, this study addressed two basic questions about the detection of multiletter patterns: (1) How is the detection of a multiletter pattern related to the detection of its individual components? (2) How is the detection of a sequence of letters influenced by the observer's familiarity with that sequence? (Author/BW)
Descriptors: Cognitive Processes, Higher Education, Letters (Alphabet), Pattern Recognition

Healy, Alice F. – Journal of Experimental Psychology: Human Perception and Performance, 1980
In three experiments, subjects read passages and circled misspelling in them. Results support the unitization hypothesis that common words are normally read in units larger than letters but are read in letter units when misspelled. (Author/CP)
Descriptors: Error Patterns, Higher Education, Letters (Alphabet), Prose

McClelland, James L. – Journal of Experimental Psychology: Human Perception and Performance, 1976
This paper reports some experimental evidence on the viability of the preliminary letter recognition hypothesis. (Author)
Descriptors: Experimental Psychology, Letters (Alphabet), Psychological Studies, Research Methodology

LaBerge, David – Journal of Experimental Psychology: Human Perception and Performance, 1983
In two experiments, a probe technique required subjects to respond when the digit 7 appeared in one of five-letter positions in words or nonwords, inserted at the onset and 500 msec after letter and word processing. The focus of attention given to a letter has a smaller spatial extent. (Author/CM)
Descriptors: Attention, Higher Education, Identification, Letters (Alphabet)

Santee, Jeffrey L.; Egeth, Howard E. – Journal of Experimental Psychology: Human Perception and Performance, 1982
Reaction time and accuracy do not always reflect the same perceptual processes; therefore, the convergence of reaction time with accuracy within the context of a specific information processing model should be demonstrated empirically rather than assumed a priori. (Author/PN)
Descriptors: Cognitive Processes, Higher Education, Identification, Letters (Alphabet)

Schuberth, Richard E.; Eimas, Peter D. – Journal of Experimental Psychology: Human Perception and Performance, 1977
Investigates the effects of linguistic context, more particularly, semantic context in the form of an incomplete sentence, on the ability of observers to classify letter strings as words or nonwords. (Author/RK)
Descriptors: Context Clues, Experimental Psychology, Letters (Alphabet), Psychological Studies

Flowers, J. H.; And Others – Journal of Experimental Psychology: Human Perception and Performance, 1981
Familiar letter sequences in noncued portions of a tachistoscopic display were shown to reduce accuracy of partial report. Findings suggest that familiarity may automatically direct attentional resources to a particular spatial region. Such attentional capture may be disruptive if the material is presented at another location. (Author/RD)
Descriptors: Attention Control, Cognitive Processes, Cues, Higher Education

Haber, Ralph Norman; Schindler, Robert M. – Journal of Experimental Psychology: Human Perception and Performance, 1981
Subjects instructed to circle misspellings while reading prose were less likely to detect misspellings in function than in content words. Misspellings that changed the shape of a word were more likely to be detected. It is not clear whether differences between function and content words are due to familiarity or redundancy. (Author/RD)
Descriptors: Adults, Error Analysis (Language), Function Words, Language Patterns

Stewart-Lester, Krista J.; Lefton, Lester A. – Journal of Experimental Psychology: Human Perception and Performance, 1981
High frequency words typed in normal and alternating case were presented tachistoscopically in the fovea and parafovea to children and adults. Dependent measures were percentages of letters and words correct. Few differences between age groups were found. Serial position curves also showed similarities across grades in the parafoveal information…
Descriptors: Age Differences, Context Clues, Elementary Education, Eye Fixations

Mason, Mildred – Journal of Experimental Psychology: Human Perception and Performance, 1982
Three experiments report additional evidence that it is a mistake to account for all interletter effects solely in terms of sensory variables. These experiments attest to the importance of structural variables such as retina location, array size, and ordinal position. (Author/PN)
Descriptors: Associative Learning, Cognitive Processes, Eye Fixations, Higher Education

Massaro, Dominic W. – Journal of Experimental Psychology: Human Perception and Performance, 1979
Orthographic context and visual letter information were independently varied in a letter recognition task. The results contradicted the qualitative predictions of nonindependence theories of reading and are accurately described by a quantification of independence theory. (Author/CP)
Descriptors: Context Clues, Higher Education, Learning Theories, Letters (Alphabet)

Becker, Curtis A. – Journal of Experimental Psychology: Human Perception and Performance, 1979
Schuberth and Eimas (EJ 159 939) reported that context and frequency effects added to determine reaction times in a lexical decision (word v nonword) task. The present reexamination shows that context and frequency do interact, with semantic context facilitating the processing of low-frequency words more than high-frequency words. (Author/CP)
Descriptors: Associative Learning, Classification, Context Clues, Higher Education