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Liu, Catrina; Chung, Kevin Kien Hoa – Early Education and Development, 2022
Research Findings: This study investigated the bidirectional relations among paired associate learning (PAL), language-specific skills and Chinese word reading in kindergarten children from second year (K2) to third year (K3). We tested 204 children on four mapping conditions of PAL (i.e., visual-verbal, verbal-verbal, visual-visual, and…
Descriptors: Kindergarten, Young Children, Foreign Countries, Paired Associate Learning
The Relationship between Paired Associate Learning and Chinese Word Reading in Kindergarten Children
Liu, Catrina; Chung, Kevin Kien Hoa; Wang, Li-Chih; Liu, Duo – Journal of Research in Reading, 2021
Background: Research has shown that paired associate learning (PAL) plays an important role in children's word reading across different languages. However, little is known about the construct of PAL and its relationship with word reading in Chinese children. Methods: A total of 204 second-year kindergarten children from Mainland China were…
Descriptors: Correlation, Paired Associate Learning, Chinese, Reading Skills
Chow, Bonnie Wing-Yin – Reading and Writing: An Interdisciplinary Journal, 2014
Paired associated learning (PAL) is a critical skill for making arbitrary associations among print, pronunciation and meaning in reading development. Extended from past research of PAL, this study investigated whether PAL operated flexibly to linguistic demands of languages, by examining word reading abilities in Chinese-English bilingual…
Descriptors: Foreign Countries, Bilingualism, Bilingual Students, Young Children
Warmington, Meesha; Hulme, Charles – Scientific Studies of Reading, 2012
This study examines the concurrent relationships between phoneme awareness, visual-verbal paired-associate learning, rapid automatized naming (RAN), and reading skills in 7- to 11-year-old children. Path analyses showed that visual-verbal paired-associate learning and RAN, but not phoneme awareness, were unique predictors of word recognition,…
Descriptors: Phonemes, Paired Associate Learning, Word Recognition, Reading Skills
Torppa, Minna; Georgiou, George; Salmi, Paula; Eklund, Kenneth; Lyytinen, Heikki – Scientific Studies of Reading, 2012
We examined the double-deficit hypothesis in Finnish. One hundred five Finnish children with high familial risk for dyslexia and 90 children with low family risk were followed from the age of 3 1/2 years until Grade 3. Children's phonological awareness, rapid naming speed, text reading, and spelling were assessed. A deficit in rapid automatized…
Descriptors: Reading Difficulties, Spelling, Phonological Awareness, Reading Rate
Lervag, Arne; Braten, Ivar; Hulme, Charles – Developmental Psychology, 2009
The authors present the results of a 2-year longitudinal study of 228 Norwegian children beginning some 12 months before formal reading instruction began. The relationships between a range of cognitive and linguistic skills (letter knowledge, phoneme manipulation, visual-verbal paired-associate learning, rapid automatized naming (RAN), short-term…
Descriptors: Reading Difficulties, Phonemes, Early Reading, Paired Associate Learning
Parmenter, Trevor R.; And Others – 1978
The paper reports on an Australian study comparing two methods of teaching a word recognition reading task to eight mildly retarded adolescents. One method involved incidental learning, while the other involved a more structured paired-associate approach. It was found that all eight Ss learned a short list of tool names equally well under either…
Descriptors: Exceptional Child Research, Foreign Countries, Incidental Learning, Mental Retardation

Smith, Marilyn Chapnik – Journal of Experimental Psychology: Human Perception and Performance, 1979
Contextual facilitation appears to depend upon the mode of analysis of the prime. If the prime is analyzed as a meaningful unit, facilitation occurs. However, if it is subjected to a more discrete, letter-by-letter analysis, the priming effect vanishes. (Author/CP)
Descriptors: Associative Learning, Cognitive Processes, Context Clues, Difficulty Level