Argues that changes in the structure of occupational life over the last half century have outmoded the classical agenda of questions about occupations and the division of labor. Proposes new questions about this new occupational structure. (JOW)

The Tobit econometrics technique was used to analyze data from the University of Michigan's Quality of Employment Survey 1972-73 regarding the correlates of work tardiness. Evidence is found that (1) marriage and experience have negative and significant effects on tardiness; (2) professionals and commuters are tardy more often than others; and (3)…

The dominant theoretical perspective suggests that unions reduce job satisfaction by making workers more critical of the workplace and more willing to complain. However, unions reduce wage inequality and increase worker control and commitment. A survey of 978 workers shows that unionization has a positive effect on job satisfaction. (JOW)

A study of 2,505 workers indicated that co-worker social support enhances job satisfaction. Affective and instrumental support are both beneficial. However, neither type buffers the negative effects of job stress on satisfaction. (SK)

The author documents differences between the job-related networks of women and men in a sample of 186 recent white-collar job changers. Results indicate that women know persons in fewer occupations than do men; their networks are negatively affected by having young children and by their spouses' mobility. (Author/CH)

Examines the experience of worker participation and finds that the tendency is for such programs to weaken unions and limit workers' power in significant ways. (JOW)

Interviews with 1,115 male and 271 female professionals revealed significant gender differences in objective characteristics (job title, salary grade, and numbers supervised) and few differences in subjective characteristics (rewards, peer cohesion, staff support, role conflict/ambiguity, workload). (SK)

Modern organizational changes purportedly intended to increase job satisfaction and reduce turnover are actually forms of social control. Analysis of data from 6,000 employees found that an unintended yet beneficial consequence of these changes is reduced sexual harassment. (Contains 60 references.) (SK)

A worker-to-job congruence model of a classic motivation theory was tested using 401 registered nurses as the sample, with weights applied to intrinsic and extrinsic workplace factors reflecting the importance they held for individual respondents. When importance increases, intrinsic factors have a greater effect on job satisfaction. (CT)

In criminology, routine activities of potential victims can be used to predict victimization. Application to organizational sexual harassment data shows that organizational features (proximity in job location, supervisor or work group guardianship) and individual characteristics (target attractiveness) can predict sexual harassment victimization,…

Suggests that degradation of labor associated with automation and downsizing produces employee stress and frustration and leads to workplace violence. Concludes that violent incidents in the U.S. Post Office result when work experience degrades a person's identity or sense of control in a time of rapid change. (SK)

A survey of 250 workers in five manufacturing firms examined sources of self-esteem in work. Responses suggest that, in the workplace, self-perceived competence is the most important source of self-esteem, followed by reflected appraisals and social comparisons. (JOW)

A comparative study of Australian industrial workers in four factories examined whether the immediate work context or social context explains the variation in orientations toward work. The analysis reveals remarkable similarities despite differences in employer, technology, and organizational structure, and in the demographic and labor force…

Three tenets of skill requirements influence understanding of work: (1) they decompose workers/jobs into bundles of skills; (2) the skills identified are required in some obvious way; and (3) they separate workers from work contexts. Case studies of four workplaces suggest the appropriate analytical unit may be the workplace and not the job. (SK)

Interviews with 50 public service employees with disabilities show that employers are reluctant to modify work because of their need to contain costs and maintain control. They often discourage requests for reasonable accommodation and deny one in three. (SK)