The use of four-day school weeks (4dsw) in the United States has expanded rapidly over the past two decades. Previous work examines the impact of 4dsw on student outcomes, but little research to date examines the effect on school employees even though schools in some locales have adopted 4dsw to recruit and retain staff. This paper examines the…

This paper documents the emerging role of education in the well-known decline in US male working hours. An insignificant hours difference between high school and college graduates becomes a significant 2 hours/week advantage for college graduates within a generation. This growing "college hours premium" is confirmed in alternate data.…

This study uses nationally representative data for the United States from the Basic Monthly Current Population Survey to document how teachers' hours of work have changed in 2020 and 2021 relative to typical labor supply levels and to the hours worked by other college-educated professional workers. Controlling for demographics, teachers' hours…

Purpose: As responsibilities of high school principals continue to expand, their workweeks become longer, and their attention is stretched in multiple directions. How principals from various school types use their time is influenced by their organizational structures and external policies. To gain deeper insights into the workload, priorities and…

Teacher workload is an important policy concern in many education systems around the world, often considered a contributory factor in teacher attrition. One aspect of workload that could be addressed is reducing the amount of written marking and feedback that teachers do. This article reports on the results of an evaluation of FLASH Marking, an…

Surveys have revealed that teachers in England work far longer hours than their international counterparts, causing serious concern amongst both policymakers and the profession. Despite this, surprisingly little is known about the structure of and changes to teachers' working hours. We address this gap in the evidence base by analysing four…

Time management for educational leaders has remained highly relevant to scholars, policymakers and practitioners. We analyzed survey responses from 98 public high school principals to examine the congruency between average total hours they worked per week against the sum total of the average hours worked per week in each of five distinct…

Cyberloafing, defined as the use of Internet for personal purposes during working hours, is an increasing phenomenon in view of a broad spread of Internet technologies. Although the majority of research on cyberloafing behaviors has focused on employers' cyberloafing in different organizational environments, very little is known about its…

With the rise of diagnoses and awareness of mental wellness indicators across the country, the current study sought to pilot a measure to begin appraising the current state of music educators' mental wellness. Music educators across the United States (N = 84) self-reported indicators of depression, anxiety, stress, and job satisfaction. According…

The work of school principals is complex; however, little research has examined how they navigate this complexity outside of traditional settings and times. This specific line of inquiry is important, because principals' time allocation is related to various desirable student outcomes, and how many hours principals work (and when) is associated…

Each year, more than a million young people in the United States experience homelessness; some of these young people, known as unaccompanied homeless youth, will face the challenges of homelessness while living on their own without the support of a caring adult. Unaccompanied homeless youth face the same struggles as other young people: trying to…

Although well-being appears to have improved for many public school teachers of kindergarten to grade 12 (K-12) since the beginning of the coronavirus disease 2019 pandemic, in some states, more teachers left their jobs at the end of the 2021-2022 school year than in the two previous school years and at rates higher than prepandemic averages. When…

In 2020 the COVID-19 pandemic affected the whole world, particularly in the education sector as schools were closed and social distancing applied as control measures. Nevertheless, teaching and learning continued, overcoming diverse challenges and adopting various coping mechanisms, as examined in this phenomenological research into the personal…

This technical report presents information about the sample, content, and administration of the nationally representative 2023 State of the American Teacher (SoT) survey and the American Life Panel (ALP) companion survey. The SoT was completed by 1,439 American Teacher Panel members and the ALP survey was completed by 527 ALP members in January…

New Zealand secondary music teachers spend many hours each week in both preparing and training a variety of performance ensembles, often before school, during lunchtimes, after school, on weekends and during holidays. In many cases this can be regarded as unpaid labour, yet their efforts make a significant contribution to a school's life: its…