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Van Der Steen, Steffie; Samuelson, Dianne; Thomson, Jennifer M. – Written Communication, 2017
This study addresses the current debate about the beneficial effects of text processing software on students with different working memory (WM) during the process of academic writing, especially with regard to the ability to display higher-level conceptual thinking. A total of 54 graduate students (15 male, 39 female) wrote one essay by hand and…
Descriptors: Word Processing, Keyboarding (Data Entry), Writing (Composition), Educational Benefits
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Penny, James A.; Johnson, Robert L. – Assessing Writing, 2011
When multiple raters score a writing sample, on occasion they will award discrepant scores. To report a single score to the examinee, some method of resolving those differences must be applied to the ratings before an operational score can be reported. Several forms of resolving score discrepancies have been described in the literature. Initial…
Descriptors: Monte Carlo Methods, Scores, Academic Achievement, Models