The purpose for this article is to explore the juxtaposition of legal expectations, conflicting community cultural values, and the role of the superintendent in these connected but often conflicting issues. The authors explore several issues through the lens of Gay-Straight Alliance clubs, the "Equal Access Act," and the role of the…

This article presents the author's response to Joseph Reimer's essay titled, "Beyond More Jews Doing Jewish: Clarifying the Goals of Informal Jewish Education." Joseph Reimer states that the challenge for informal education is to move beyond socialization to clarify and achieve "deeper" educational goals. Distinguishing between…

The help of 4-H and other community youth organizations is needed as never before if certain kinds of responsibility-developing experiences are to be provided for growing children. (Author/SK)

Using Girl Scouting as an example group, the authors discuss eight issues in measuring outcomes of youth programs: multidimensional outcomes, attention span, developmental changes, use of comparison group, age-appropriate measures, culturally sensitive instruments, program versus individual evaluation, and ethical issues in testing. (JOW)

The importance of being aware of volunteer needs cannot be overlooked. Extension staff working with 4-H volunteers should keep motivations in mind when determining volunteer tasks and when recruiting, training, and supervising volunteers. (LRA)

This article presents the author's response to Joseph Reimer's article titled, "Beyond More Jews Doing Jewish: Clarifying the Goals of Informal Jewish Education." The author discusses the "role" of teacher, which includes: engaging students in an academic subject each teacher has mastered, mentoring a particular small group of students about the…

A major inference from the results of this study involved the overall emphasis of the Future Farmers of America (FFA). FFA should continue to stress individual student participation locally to fulfill its aims and objectives. State and national activities should serve to build additional personal development of the advanced students and serve as…

Social studies education programs should help students acquire skills and knowledge related to good citizenship, ensure that students apply these skills and knowledge to active civic participation, and promote standards of behavior and values that are also nurtured and developed in non-school settings. Children learn these in school and non-school…

Youth clubs can counter the many social changes taking place in Britain which have led in recent decades to disadvantagement for rural young people. At 2%, the British agricultural work force is the lowest in the world, unemployment is particularly high in rural areas, public transport continues to fall at 1% per year, and centralisation of…

Discussed is the potential contribution to social change made possible by participation in the nonformal programs of national youth organizations. The participants in one such youth organization (Costa Rican National Youth Movement) are studied. (KC)

Discusses the importance of collaborations between organizations specializing in child care, such as the YMCA and the Boys and Girls Clubs of America, and public schools for enhancing the quality of after-school programs. Describes the collaborative efforts of elementary schools in Georgia with a Boys and Girls Club and state and county…

This monograph presents, with extensive quotations, the feelings and thoughts of adolescent girls who were interviewed on the subjects of life goals, sexuality, adults, friends and loneliness, drugs and alcohol, school, youth organizations, and social-political concerns. The final chapter presents the author's conclusions. (CMG)

Since leadership studies tend to deal with powerful public personalities, and since leadership in the U.S. is biased in terms of race, class, and sex privileges, it is not surprising that the contributions of black women leaders go largely unrecognized and that studies on black female leadership are scant and present an incomplete picture. To…

Explains how changes in family and society have had a broad impact on youth-serving organizations, which have for decades engaged in nonformal education, a support service needed by today's young people. Suggests a stronger partnership is needed between public and private education and nonformal education provided by organizations for youth. (HOD)

This essay examines the youth policies and programs of the United Kingdom, Australia, Germany, Sweden, and Norway in an effort to provide examples that may be of assistance in the development of such policies in the United States. Chapter 1 provides an overview of the topic, noting that the focus is on younger adolescents between the ages of 10…