The new youth training initiative in Britain is termed "modern apprenticeship." However, the history of the decline of apprenticeship over the last 30 years raises questions about whether this model can be reinvented to meet contemporary workplace needs. (SK)

Examines work experience in the Youth Opportunities Programme and summarizes guidelines that should be useful to those running work experience programs and those involved with any industrial training that involves work experience. (JOW)

Essays focusing on issues concerning youth education and unemployment problems are presented in this document. It is divided into three general areas. The first, Youth Unemployment in Western Industrial Countries, reviews general dimensions of the problem, the cyclical hypothesis, the demand hypothesis, the supply hypothesis, disaggregating…

Describes Work Introduction Courses that are directed toward youth whose academic achievement is low and who have other problems. Discusses findings of survey of students and teachers to determine needs, experiences, opinions, and background. (JOW)

Presents an account of cooperation between the British Broadcasting Corporation and the National Extension College in relation to current developments in educational broadcasting. The college produced a kit of self-teaching materials related to an instructional television series which could also serve as the basis of a series of evening classes.…

Case studies of the British Training Credits (TC) initiative show that the notion of a market for training driven by young people as customers is largely mythical, due to such factors as recession, importance of local networks in finding employment, and marginal involvement of small businesses. (SK)

The approaches of four countries to vocational training for youth are described: West Germany's dual system; the Swedish vocational preparation system; the Certificate of Professional Aptitude in France; and Great Britain's Youth Training Scheme. (SK)

Examines the failure of the youth employment service and occupational guidance in the secondary schools of Great Britain. (SB)

A 16-week development program for young unemployed adults is described. Discusses objectives (improved thinking patterns, positive self concepts, self-confidence, and good work habits); input areas (basic handskill knowledge, project-based activities, living and social skills, and residential experience); and key words (interest, confidence,…

The authors analyze three major hypotheses for the worsening youth employment situation in Europe: demographic, cyclical, and structural; and review the advantages and disadvantages of various policies designed to lessen youth unemployment. (SJL)

Specific examples of competency-based vocational education programs in the United States demonstrate the advantages of the method in training youth and adults. The British New Training Initiative, Youth Training Scheme, and open tech concept additionally support the effectiveness of competency-based programs and self-paced learning materials. (SK)

Recent evidence has emerged that in Britain, like the United States, many children below minimum school-leaving age are working. Often, the work is illegal. Research in the United States suggests that many risk accidents and other hazards to health. Evidence from Britain is of a more fragmentary nature, but enough exists to suggest a need for…

Analyzes young people's attitudes to the Youth Training Scheme (YTS). Describes longitudinal and historical change associated with the development of the YTS. The data show some historical improvement in attitudes to YTS, while longitudinal improvement is small. Concludes that there is a very modest return on the massive expenditure for the…

This report summarizes the national service programs and proposals discussed at the first global conference on national service held in June of 1992. Current programs include those in France and Germany where civilian service may be performed as an alternative to mandatory military service. In Nigeria university graduates perform a year of…