National identity is an important national conscience and plays a key spiritual role in maintaining national unity, stability and promoting the healthy and rapid development of the country. As an essential driver of education, the discipline must assume a major responsibility for national identity education. This study integrates national identity education into high school geography teaching, combines the latest geography teaching theory system with literature research method, text analysis method to analyze the components and specific content of national identity in high school geography teaching, and establishes a new teaching model. Simultaneously, the theme of "maritime rights and interests and ocean development strategy" was selected for teaching experiment, and the impact of the teaching mode proposed in this paper on the students' learning efficiency in geography is investigated by questionnaire. The results of the teaching experiment show that the proposed teaching model can improve students' awareness of national identity and serve as a reference for the teaching of national identity in subject subjects.