Provides photographs of some of the mud-dwelling creatures of the Atlantic Ocean. (CP)

Describes the general thrust of deep-sea microbiology research. Discusses the existence of deep-sea food chains. (CP)

Provides related information about hearing in fish, including the sensory stimulus of sound in the underwater environment, mechanoreceptors in fish, pressure perception and the swimbladder, specializations in sound conduction peculiar to certain fish families. Includes numerous figures. (CS)

Describes the structure of the equilibrium receptor system in cephalopods, comparing it to the vertebrate counterpart--the vestibular system. Relates the evolution of this complex system to the competition of cephalopods with fishes. (CS)

Discusses how surface-dwelling animals use the water surface as a mode of communication by making ripple signals while they swim about. Provides information about surfaces and surface waves, ripple communication in water striders, ripple signal characteristics, sensing and orienting, other modes of communication, and evolution of ripple…

Describes four orders of marine mammals: Cetacea (whales and porpoises), Pinnipedia (seals, sea lions, and walruses), Sirenia (sea cows), and Carnivora (sea otter, marine otter, and polar bear). (MA)

The biology and ecology of the sea otter are described in this article. Degradation of otter habitats by humans is examined with management implications. (MA)

Discusses differences between smell and taste, comparing these senses in organisms in aquatic and terrestrial environments. Describes the chemical environment underwater and in air, differences in chemoreceptors to receive stimuli, and the organs, brain, and behavior involved in chemoreception. (CS)

During the present decade, there has been increasing interest in and concern for the fate of marine mammals. Aspects of these changing attitudes, including legislative actions, are examined. (MA)

Recent legislation has been enforced to reduce porpoise losses in the nets of tuna fishermen. This article discusses some of the behavioral causes of porpoise mortality and described solutions that may or may not work. (MA)

Presents a method of wildlife management that is based on a critical habitat approach. This is illustrated with the walrus as an example. (MA)

Provides information regarding underwater vision. Includes a discussion of optically important interfaces, increased eye size of organisms at greater depths, visual peculiarities regarding the habitat of the coastal environment, and various pigment visual systems. (CS)

Describes electroreceptivity in fishes, including information on electric signals in water, electroreceptors, electric organs, electric sense in weak-electric fishes, electrolocation, electrocommunication, and evolutionary considerations. (CS)

Discusses recent incidences of mammal strandings and relates the hypotheses that have been made to explain such occurrences. (MA)

Radio tags to track wildlife have been used for years. However, such tagging of whales has been more complicated and less successful. This article explores the latest technology that is designed to give information over a long period of time. (MA)