This paper describes the theoretical framework, as well as the development and testing of the intervention, Comprehension Tools for Teachers (CTT), which is composed of eight component interventions targeting malleable language and reading comprehension skills that emerging research indicates contribute to proficient reading for understanding for…

We tested the effects of teaching reading skills through U.S. History content for 38 eighth-grade poor readers whose reading ability ranged from 2nd to 4th grade levels. Half of the students received special education services and half of the students were English Language Learners. Students were taught to decode multisyllabic words, learn…

The author reported results of 2 sequential and interrelated studies that examined the efficacy of combining 2 models of reading strategy instruction -- reciprocal teaching and direct explanation. The studies were implemented in a high school in the Midwest. The literature documents that even mainstream high school students have serious deficits…