Students (n = 797) from 36 4th-grade classrooms were taught the control of variables strategy for designing experiments. In the instruct condition, classes were taught in an interactive lecture format. In the manipulate condition, students worked in groups to design and run experiments to determine the effects of four variables. In the both…

The authors investigated whether practice in reading fluency had a causal influence on the relationship between working memory (WM) and text comprehension for 155 students in Grades 2 and 4 who were poor or average readers. Dysfluent readers were randomly assigned to repeated reading or continuous reading practice conditions and compared with…

This study examined whether the relative efficacy of 2 language teaching methods was predicted by pretreatment subject characteristics of 40 handicapped preschoolers. Seven statistical interactions between pretreatment subject characteristics and language teaching methods indicated that lower-functioning children benefited more from the Milieu…