Through experimentation the author finds that there is a positive relationship between willingness to manipulate other people and success in a course where small group and dyadic communication activities compromise most of the performance experience. (Author/MS)

The basic results of the present experimental investigation confirm those of an earlier study, indicating that anxiety functions as an activator of speech increasing productivity, simultaneously disrupting its flow by increasing the frequency of speech disturbances. (Author/KJ)

A cross-sectional and a longitudinal study were conducted to answer questions about (1) the development and nature of premenstrual adolescent girls' expectations about menstrual symptoms, (2) expectations for and beliefs about menstrual symptoms as they relate to the actual experience of menarche, and (3) sources of information about menstruation…

The study assessed free play and response to modeled symbolic play with animate toys and realistic and substitute accessories in 10 autistic children, 10 Down's syndrome, and 10 normal preschooler controls. Findings suggested impaired imitative capacity and symbolic functioning in autism. (Author)

Studied relevance of power and involvement in supervisory relationship. Analyzed by multiple-case-study approach Goodyear supervision interview series and compared results with previous findings. Found each interview, although following pattern of teacher-learner interaction, exhibited unique sequence of messaging style between supervisor and…

Tested methodology (based on Dervin's sense-making theory) used to identify how adolescents approach nutrition concerns and questions. Used time-line interview technique with adolescents (N=305) aged 14 to 16. Identified 4 groups, 2 of which described action-oriented approaches to dealing with nutrition situations and differing in terms of how…

Followed patients (N=499) hospitalized for suicide attempts (attempters) between 1970 and 1975 until 1982. Found under six percent eventually committed suicide. Found the interrupted attempters were approximately three times more likely to commit suicide than were the uninterrupted attempters. (Author/ABL)

An explanation of action slips is offered that examines controlled actions in the context of an intentional behavior theory. Actions are considered guided by mentally represented intentions, subdivided into goal intentions and contingent instrumental intentions. Action slips are categorized according to problem areas in the enactment of goal…

Used video-based observations to assess travels of 40 nursing home residents, 24 of whom were wanderers. Monitored travel continuously for 30 days, recording over 5,000 unassisted travel events. Observed four basic travel patterns: direct travel, lapping, random travel, and pacing. Travel efficiency was significantly related to cognitive status,…

Explored the effects of spouses' wake and sleep patterns on marital adjustment in couples (n=150). Couples whose wake and sleep patterns were mismatched reported significantly less marital adjustment, more marital conflict, less time spent in serious conversation, less time spent in shared activities and less frequent sexual intercourse.…

The author argues that the gap between theory of mind and moral reasoning research may be more apparent than real. The wider gap is between sociomoral cognitions and real-world behavior. She calls for research on the relation of children's mental state and moral understanding to their sociomoral behavior.

A key feature of autism is restricted repetitive behavior (RRB). Despite the significance of RRBs, little is known about their phenomenology, assessment, and treatment. The Repetitive Behavior Scale-Revised (RBS-R) is a recently-developed questionnaire that captures the breadth of RRB in autism. To validate the RBS-R in an independent sample, we…

Alice Miller's work provides a theoretical framework to assess the effects of child abuse and its relationship to the development of creativity, hatred, and violence in the novel "Ender's Game." Analysis focuses on the extent to which children are manipulated in order to meet the needs of adults, the presence of behaviors such as the repression of…

Psychopaths represent a significant management challenge in a prison population. A sample of ninety-five male inmates from three medium security prisons was tested using the Hare Psychopathy Checklist: Screening Version (PCL:SV). Using traditional criteria, 22% of the inmates were classified as psychopaths. Scores on the two factor dimensions of…