Describes the different priming procedures and experimental variables used for gaining access to the nature of the lexical representation of morphological information and summarizes the experimental data collected across different languages. Notes that responses to a target word in auditory word recognition tasks can be facilitated when the word…

Compared the timecourse of inhibition of return (IOR) of young children to that of older children and adolescents in single and double cue procedures. Found no IOR in the young children unless a double cue was used, but for older groups, found IOR at all intervals with a double cue and the typical crossover pattern, with early facilitation…

Examined predictive validity of measures of infant habituation and later aspects of temperament. Found babies who habituated sooner (fewer trials to criterion) at five months of age and had fewer peak fixations during habituation were rated by mothers as more active, intense, and negative in mood, and less persistent and adaptable. Age differences…

Two studies of toddlers and children with autism, mentally handicapped children, and normal toddlers examined whether autistic toddlers used Speaker's Direction of Gaze (SDG) strategy or less powerful Listener's Direction of Gaze (LDG) strategy to learn a word for a novel object. Results suggest autistic toddlers are insensitive to speaker's gaze…

Describes how to use paper analogies as models to illustrate various concepts in biology, human anatomy, and physiology classes. Models include biochemical paper models, protein papergrams, a paper model of early brain development, and a 3-D paper model of a eukaryotic cell. (AIM)

Discusses the dominant paradigm for analyzing interactions, Conversation Analysis (CA), pointing out that the paradigm does not include participant intention in its analysis. Notes that CA practitioners focus on empirical investigations of what the participants are doing and how they are doing it and that the understanding of an utterance is…

Investigated shifts of gaze to peripheral targets in full-term and very preterm infants with transient periventricular echogenicity, a type of short-term brain damage, between 6-26 weeks old. Found that differences between full- and preterm infants was small, but after 16 weeks, there were subtle differences between them as preterms took longer to…

Examined in four studies whether and when infants connect information about an actor's affect and perception to their action. Found that 12-month-olds, but not 8-month-olds, recognized that an actor was likely to grasp the object she had visually regarded with positive affect. Replicated findings with 12- and 14-month-olds and with several…

Case study groups (n=106) were randomly assigned to face-to-face, chat, or group support systems conditions; half of each group received structural primers. Ditransitive structural frequency counts indicated that the primer significantly shifted learning style. Complexity was significantly greater in the group support system treatment. (14…

Asserts that the key to changing attitudes about education in the schools is through aesthetic education, emphasizing the role of art and visual imagery in today's world and the conceptual relationships between art and society. Explores different trends and includes examples of differences between media and conceptual approaches to art education.…

A study compared the use of mnemonic strategies in using pictures for enhancing acquisition of the form and sounding of Hebrew letters by students (ages 10-15) with mild mental retardation. Results indicate that the students who were taught the mnemonic strategies learned significantly more letters than controls. (Contains references.) (Author/CR)

A review of 10 research articles on the use of auditory prompting systems with persons with moderate to severe disabilities found a functional relationship between the use of an audio prompt system and increased task performance. Results support the use of an audio prompt system as an effective intervention. (Contains references.) (CR)

Thirty students (ages 3-20) with profound mental retardation and 30 healthy, full-term infants (5-8 months) were shown 12 patterned stimuli, three times each. Both groups looked significantly longer at face patterns than other patterns. However, the students with mental retardation looked longer at black and white patterns than colored patterns,…

Two studies with a total of 17 children (ages 5-18) with autism tested a picture-in-the-head strategy for dealing with thoughts and behavior using cartoon thought-bubbles to represent various mental states. The thought-bubble training led to the children passing not only false belief tests but also theory of mind tests. (Contains references.)…

Investigates how effectively multimedia learning environments can assist second language (L2) students in the process of listening comprehension. Looks specifically at how written and pictorial annotations can aid learners in the acquisition of new vocabulary and in comprehension when they listen to an aural L2 passage. (Author/VWL)