A conceptual theory for predicting the relations between intellectual abilities and performance during task practice is proposed and is evaluated through an experiment with high school and college students. This macro-theory integrates hierarchical theories of intellectual abilities with information-processing theories of automatic and controlled…

Examines whether partial pictorial cues facilitate imagery in 6-year-old children and whether the facilitation of recall is due to simple repetition of contextual information or to encoding specificity. Concludes children do benefit from partial pictures. (HOD)

Examines the hypothesis that adults and children have media-specific conceptions of picturing and that the functional uses of photography and drawing differ across development. Results showed an age progression from viewing photography as only reflecting the real object to viewing it as a medium that allows for control and alteration of reality.…

Theoretical implications of individual differences among infants in responsiveness to visual novelty being predictive of later intelligence differences are discussed. Issues discussed include: continuity of intelligence over development, relation of aspects of information processing to intelligence, role of hereditary and environmental influences…

An experiment was designed to compare the speed with which normal and disabled readers in two age groups retrieved semantic information from memory. Results indicate that disabled readers need more time to retrieve categorical information from memory than normal readers. (Author/LMO)

Two techniques for teaching French culture at the college level are presented, both using observation of occupational groups to discover certain cultural traits, values, and ways of life. One involves examination of stereotypes, and the other is a method of organizing slides for classroom discussion. (MSE)

Contains a summary of the prevailing concerns about the impact of television on the formation of values in youth and some resultant implications for curriculum and instruction. The article examines preemption of active daily play, spectatorship, deemphasis of the complexity of life, lack of creativity, speedy conflict resolution, and violence. (CT)

Two experiments evaluated whether picture mnemonics help prereaders learn letter-sound associations. Pictures integrating the associations were compared with disassociated pictures and a no-picture control group. Children taught with integrated mnemonics learned more letter-sound associations and more letter-picture associations than the other two…

Using kindergarten subjects, a study examined whether prereaders learned better with visual cues while novice readers learned better with phonetic cues. (HOD)

The effect of descriptive verbalization during observation of a model on mentally retarded boys' retention for what they had observed was examined with 40 9- to 12-year-old boys in public school educable mentally retarded classes. (Author)

Meaningfulness values, assessed via the production method, were obtained on 40 trigrams for 120 children, 40 each in second and sixth grade. These norms were subsequently used in a free-recall learning study. (MS)

Younger students live in a media-centric world. Researchers have shown that youth today spend more time watching television and movies than most any other leisure-time activity (Pearl, 1982). In addition, the presentation speed of passages on commercial television has increased significantly in the past 50 years (Stephens, 1996). Researchers have…

For many African American children from low-income backgrounds, cognitive performance can be enhanced in contexts thematically characterized by aspects of Afro-cultural ethos. This report presents and describes the results of six experimental studies (two studies on each) of three cultural themes of primary interest: movement, communalism, and…

One hundred eighty children from Grades K, 5, and 9 performed a recall task within one of four instructional conditions: serial recall; standard free recall; labeling free recall; labeling cued recall. (Editor)

The present research is concerned with an analysis of the relationship between stimulus learning and retention on the one hand, and concept learning on the other. (Author)