Providing contextual aids to help students reduce mutual interference between two sentences was studied. When students were presented sentences in distinctive contexts, no interference was observed. An interference effect was obtained when sentences were given in either no context or a nondistinctive context. (MH)

Cognitive Flexibility (availability in the individual's repertoire of various strategies and ability to select those most effective to the required task) is suggested as an important individual-difference variable. Some methodological problems in the assessment of cognitive flexibility as related to human memory are discussed. (Editor/SJL)

Describes a process of chunking information whereby information is clustered into more compact thought units, such as phrases or clauses, and is then reformed into increasingly larger units of information. Notes that this technique is useful in aiding students to read subject area material. (MKM)

Reports on research on point of view and its effect on reading processes. (AM)

Three experiments evaluated color specificity knowledge and related semantic effects on recognition memory. (Author/SB)

Reviews learning systems that incorporate values-clarification strategies reinforced by language experience techniques as a way of teaching children with reading difficulties. (SB)

Children (ages 6 to 16) judged which of two photographs of unfamiliar faces showed the same person as an inspection photograph. Recognition accuracy improved markedly between ages 6 and 10 with little change thereafter. (MS)

This study tested the hypothesis that memory for pictorial material is dependent on initial comprehension of the depicted relationships. A total of 72 second, sixth and ninth graders were compared on ability to remember cartoon pictures which did or did not contain action lines as clues to the interaction between actors. (MS)

A total of 15 acute schizophrenics, 11 acute psychotic depressives, and 15 normal subjects completed a multitrial free-recall task. Results indicated that with lists of relatively high semantic content, the recall impairment displayed by schizophrenics and depressives stems mainly from an inability to completely use perceived structuring of the…

The original impetus for this work was to characterize the extent to which olfactory experience can be incorporated into cognitive processes. The finding is that there is a respectable but limited verbal association learning and retention capability for odor stimuli in man. (Author)

Tulving and others (Tulving, 1974; Tulving & Madigan, 1970) have distinguished two kinds of forgetting of verbal information: trace-dependent forgetting and cue-dependent forgetting. Attempts to determine which type occurs in retroactive inhibition of free-recall learning. (Author/RK)

Bilingual subjects' decoding of texts in mixed language requires no more time than their decoding of material in homogeneous language. Bilingual speakers appear not to command two separate lexical lists, but only one basic internal dictionary consisting of the lexical items they have learned for both languages. (DB)

Attempts to define the relationships between four measures of recall in a two-recall task, namely (a) initial short-term recall (STR), (b) unconditional final free recall (FFR), (c) final free recall conditionalized on an initial successful recall (FFR/STR), and (d) final free recall conditionalized on an unsuccessful recall (FFR/STR). (Author/RK)

The effect of age-related differences in the use of recall organization on the amount of recall and the properties of recall-acquisition patterns obtained in a multitrial part-whole transfer task was investigated among subjects in grades 1, 4, 7, and in college. (MS)

Investigates the possibility that memory for the conditioned response (CR) may be subject to the same sorts of interference that have been found to operate in verbal and perceptual-motor memory situations. Considers the implications for developing a general theory of memory. (Editor/RK)