The relationship between interpretation and stylistics in translation criticism is discussed. In a four-level model for translation criticism, zero-level translations reflect no semiostylistic techniques; levels one and two demonstrate elementary and sophisticated linguistic-stylistic procedures; and the highest level translations reflect the…

In comparing original text and translation, the teaching goal should be the comparison of alternative forms and structures, in the native and the target language. Specific problems in translating jokes and comic strips are examined. Suggestions are given for dealing with morphology, syntax, and semantics. (IFS/WGA)

Describes an investigation of the proportions of Dona Ana County, New Mexico, social service agencies that have translated into Spanish the forms needed by consumers during the contracting phase of the social service cycle. Describes six categories of social service agencies. Includes recommendations for bilingual agency staff and forms. (SB)

Lists the nine theses of the Bonn Forum "The Courage to Educate" (1978) together with opposing positions taken by an ad hoc group of educators and social scientists during the Tubingen Congress of the German Society for Educational Science. (CK)

Traces changes in curriculums from conception to application by examining an educational program of the Volkswagen Foundation for Kindergarten and Basic School. (CK)

Discusses the Vocabulary Switching System (VSS), an experimental, automated switching system, which specifically addresses the problems of heterogeneous database vocabularies and indexes and the difficulty these pose for users who wish to combine more than one database in a single online search. (CWM)

Describes a million-word corpus for English-Italian translation students. Outlines the design, which makes multiple types of comparisons possible among originals and translations and illustrates how to use the corpus to teach sociocultural insights, discourse-structuring expressions, and lexical patterns. (Author/VWL)

Discusses issues in translating a literary work, especially problems posed by differences between two linguistic and cultural systems. Focuses on the practice of replacing "foreign" names with familiar ones (a practice still common in English and German translations). Argues that such changes show a lack of respect toward other cultures and…

Machine-Readable Dictionaries (MRD) and Machine Translation (MT) systems are important resources for query translation in Cross-Language Information Retrieval (CLIR). Investigates use of MT systems and MRD to Arabic-English and English-Arabic CLIR. Translation ambiguity is the key problem. Presents three methods of query translation using a…

In a Cleveland (Ohio) program, writing instruction for adults who speak nonstandard English is based on respect for students' spoken language as a dialect. Adapting foreign language instructional techniques such as translation, teachers avoided formal grammar terms and used extensive oral practice. (SK)

Research suggests that Aymara, an ancient language still spoken in parts of South America, may be well suited for use as a "bridge" language in translation because of its extremely regular and coherent grammar. A machine translation program using the language has already been developed. (MSE)

Discusses the identity-forming power of translation in advertising copy. In the marketing of goods and services across cultural boundaries, an understanding of culture and semiotics that goes well beyond both language and design is involved. Translators must understand marketing, the legal jurisdictions of their market, how cultural differences…

A solution to the employment problem in remote areas of Canada, where natives speak only indigenous dialects, is discussed as it relates to Inuktitut. Distributed Language Translation would permit remote employment with dialect data transmitted over distances and translated into the standard indigenous language and the country's official…

Misconceptions within Australian Technical and Further Education (TAFE) about Plain English (PE) are that PE involves sentence-by-sentence translation and simplification of the language and content of an existing text. Both misconceptions are refuted and PE is concluded to be basically about good communication. (Contains 12 references.) (LB)

Considers the relationship between the native language of interpreters and the second language acquired by them after childhood. Discusses differences between first- and second-language acquisition, storage, and usage. Indicates areas of second-language acquisition research calling for additional research. (HB)