Discusses information retrieval and the future of databases in education, examines problem-solving strategies, and describes a study of undergraduate students that compared the use of a traditional textbook with the use of the electronic version on CD-ROM. Performance on tests and strategies used to answer questions are analyzed. (20 references)…

Describes a study conducted at the University of Iowa College of Dentistry that compared the effectiveness and efficiency of adaptive instruction with nonadaptive instruction using interactive videodisc patient simulations. The Dental Diagnosis and Treatment (DDx&Tx) System is explained, and problem-solving skills and study time are discussed.…

Methods of teacher evaluation in public school districts in Ohio were studied in a 272-district sample. Comparison of data with seven theoretical models from the literature on teacher evaluation indicates that 84 percent of responding districts use a traditional Trait Model (teaching in terms of traits) to evaluate the teacher. (SLD)

Using data from the High School and Beyond survey, describes similarities and differences between African-American and white schools with regard to ethnic segregation, facilities, teacher quality, curriculum, school discipline, and educational achievement. An African-American school is defined as a high school with 70 percent or more…

Examined the acquisition of decoding and spelling skills and the writing fluency of first graders who received either whole-language or traditional basal instruction. Children with high phonemic awareness outperformed those with low phonemic awareness on all literacy measures, regardless of the instructional method used. (MM)

An examination of data from several studies investigated white (n=1,825), African-American (n=328), and Chicano (n=340) college student perceptions of campus racial climate and institutional commitment to cultural diversity. Student demographic variables were considered. Results indicated common and distinct views concerning the environment types…

Presents results of the 1991 placement survey of accredited library schools. Highlights include status of graduates; placements by type of library; full-time salaries of graduates; comparison of salaries by type of library; women's salaries; institutional data and trends; and a sidebar that relates the experiences of one recent graduate. (LRW)

Describes a study that compared two information retrieval systems on a full-text medical database: one featured concept-based automatic indexing and statistical retrieval techniques, and the second used traditional word-based Boolean techniques. Evaluation of search results by calculating relative recall and precision is discussed, and user…

Studied whether school culture is represented in common aspects within schools in different countries for one deaf child in Barcelona (Spain), one refugee child in Paris (France), and some of their classmates. Identical characteristics of student interactions found in both schools, and the importance of these interactions are discussed. (SLD)

A study of curricular features of combined bachelor's-medical degree programs in 28 medical schools since 1961 is presented. Characteristics (length, enrollment, goals, special features) of the programs and changes in broad curricular objectives over the three decades are reported. Methods of integrating premedical and medical education are…

A study found that the admission interview scores for 62 Dartmouth Medical School (New Hampshire) applicants correlated positively with dean's letter ratings given 4 years later and that interview scores were better predictors of ratings than were total Medical College Admission Test scores or science grade point averages. (Author/MSE)

Investigated the effects of group size and exposure time in the use of a commercially prepared tutorial program or drill-and-practice software by 168 fifth and sixth graders. Found that exposure time was related to students' scores on posttests. Results suggested a need to examine allocated time in microcomputer learning situations. (LB)

Effects of a restructured Chapter 1 program (RCP) on 45 first graders' literacy were examined. RCP students could read a primer fluently and performed better than comparison groups (students in the regular Chapter 1 program and classroom peers). Improvement was particularly apparent for those with the lowest initial readiness scores. (SLD)

Empirical evidence from a study of 15 male and 12 female abused, neglected, troubled, or homeless adolescents in a St. Louis (Missouri) shelter indicates greater hostility and depression and lower self-esteem for these subjects than for those in comparative studies of the 3 measures (hostility, depression, and self-esteem) used. (SLD)

A causal model assesses the relative influence of individual attributes, institutional characteristics, contextual-work environment variables, and multiple measures of job satisfaction on faculty intentions to leave their current institutions. Factors considered include tenure status, age, institutional status, governance style, organizational…